特色植物辣木的应用价值及发展前景分析

目的研究水分胁迫对多油辣木(Moringa oleifera Lam.)苗期主要性状和光合参数的影响，揭示水分胁迫与辣木光合作用及生理指标之间的关系，为辣木栽培管理、抗性筛选提供理论参考。方法以多油辣木PKM1为供试材料，采用盆栽控水试验，设置充分供水(TA)、轻度水分胁迫(TB)、中度水分胁迫(TC)、重度水分胁迫(TD)和严重水分胁迫(TE) 5个水分处理，分析水分胁迫下辣木苗期生理指标和光合参数的变化。结果(1) 水分胁迫下，辣木苗期的株高、茎粗、叶片数、叶干重、茎干重、根干重、叶面积、根含水量、根长、根幅和根粗呈递减趋势，根冠比呈递增趋势。(2) 水分胁迫下辣木苗期叶片的叶绿素含量呈递减趋势，F_o值呈递增趋势，F_m、F_v、(F_v/F_m)、(F_v/F_o)、qP和rETRmax值均呈递减趋势。结论适度干旱有利于辣木苗期生长发育。干旱胁迫条件下，辣木仍保持较高光合能力和根冠比，是其抗旱耐旱的重要生理基础。

Photosynthetic performance and water relations in young pubescent oak (Quercus pubescens) trees during drought stress and recovery

PurposeThe effects of water stress on the main characters and photosynthetic parameters of Moringa oleifera seedlings were studied, and the relationship between water stress and photosynthesis and physiological indexes of M. oleifera was revealed, which provided a theoretical reference for cultivation management and resistance screening of M. oleifera.MethodWe potted M. oleifera PKM1 under five different water content levels: optimal water content (TA), mild water stress (TB), moderate water stress (TC), severe water stress (TD), extremely severe water stress (TE), which were controlled by weighing the soil and pots.Result(1) Under water stress, the plant height, stem diameter, leaf number, leaf dry weight, stem dry weight, root dry weight, leaf area, root water content, root length, root width and root thickness of M. oleifera seedlings decreased, the crown ratio increased. (2) Under water stress, the chlorophyll content of M. oleifera seedlings showed a decreasing trend; F_o is increasing, however, F_v, F_m, F_v/F_m, F_v/F_o, qP and rETRmax all were decreased.ConclusionWe can conclude that moderate water stress is conducive to the growth of M. oleifera seedlings. Under the condition of drought stress, high photosynthetic capacity and root-shoot ratio of M. oleifera are the important physiological basis for drought resistance.