黄河上游茨哈峡至积石峡段鱼类资源调查 (2005—2010年)

为了探究鱼类感应流速随体长因素的变化，以黄河上游2种裂腹鱼为研究对象，利用环形水槽实验装置，采用递增流速法，测试并分析了不同体长鱼类的感应流速。结果表明，体长 (BL, 20.67±3.65) cm的花斑裸鲤 (Gymnocypris eckloni) 和BL (14.50±2.24) cm的黄河裸裂尻鱼 (Schizopygopsis pylzovi) 的绝对感应流速分别为 (4.97±1.22) cm·s⁻¹和 (4.52±0.92) cm·s⁻¹，相对感应流速分别为 (0.24±0.045) BL·s⁻¹和 (0.31±0.052) BL·s⁻¹；绝对感应流速与体长呈正相关关系，相对感应流速与体长呈负相关关系，相对感应流速与体长呈现负相关关系是由于绝对感应流速的增加速率小于体长的增加速率；2种裂腹鱼类的绝对感应流速差异不显著 (P>0.05)；构建的绝对感应流速与体长的非线性回归模型能够有效地解释鱼类感应流速对体长的响应。该研究对其他较难捕获测试样本区域的鱼类游泳特性的定性预测研究具有一定指导作用，也可为过鱼设施的设计提供基础数据支撑。

Fragmentation and flow regulation of the world's large river systems

To investigate the response of fish induced flow speed to body length, we tested the induced flow speed of two Schizothoracinae fishes with different body lengths by increasing velocity in mobile Brett-type swim tunnels. Results show that the absolute induced flow speed of Gymnocypris eckloni [Body length (BL): (20.67±3.65) cm] and Schizopygopsis pylzovi [BL: (14.50±2.24) cm] were (4.97±1.22) cm·s⁻¹ and (4.52±0.9) cm·s⁻¹, respectively; and their relative induced flow speed were (0.24±0.045) BL·s⁻¹ and (0.31±0.052) BL·s⁻¹, respectively. The absolute induced flow speed was positively related to fish body length, while the relative induced flow speed was negatively related to fish body length since the increasing rate of the absolute induced flow speed was less than that of body length. There was no significant difference in the absolute induced flow speed between these two Schizothoracinate fishes (P>0.05). The constructed non-linear regression model can explain the response of fish induced flow speed to body length effectively. This study provides some guidance for the qualitative prediction of fish swimming characteristics in other areas where it is difficult to capture test samples, and also provide basic data for the design of fish facilities.