新疆降水研究进展综述

目的研究转基因棉花在荒地及栽培地的生存竞争能力及环境适应性，为其环境安全性评价研究提供理论依据。方法以转KatG和SacB基因的抗旱棉花为研究对象，在荒地以及栽培地中研究转基因抗旱棉花的环境适应、生存竞争能力以及对农田生物群落的影响，结合新疆气候条件，分析转基因棉花在荒地条件下演变成杂草的可能性，利用生态学信息论方法分析种植转基因抗旱棉花对生物群落的影响。结果3个试验区域内越冬试验材料均未能出苗，荒地生存竞争试验材料出苗率较低，出苗率最高为47.3%；植株矮小，株高最高为39.8 cm；生育期内未能开花结铃。3个试验区域杂草群落的香农—维纳指数最大为2.232，最小为2.070，均匀度指数最大为0.920，最小为0.737，相同试验区域的不同棉花种植区域间均无显著性差异(P>0.05)；不同播种深度下杂草群落的香农—维纳指数最大为1.603，最小为1.188，均匀度指数最大为0.874，最小为0.615，且相同棉花材料间杂草的香农—维纳指数无显著性差异(P>0.05)；不同的种植密度下杂草群落的香农—维纳指数最大为1.455，最小为1.263，均匀度指数最大为0.918，最小为0.615，且相同棉花材料间杂草的香农—维纳指数无显著性差异(P>0.05)。结论转基因抗旱棉花在新疆地区荒地的环境适应性较弱，落粒棉种没有越冬的可能，演变成杂草的可能微乎其微；在荒地生态区域中与其他物种间生存竞争处于劣势，不会显著影响种植区域内的群落多样性及物种分布。

Species and functional diversity of native and human-dominated plant communities

PurposeTo study the survival competitiveness and environmental adaptability of transgenic cotton in wasteland and cultivated land, and to provide theoretical basis for environmental safety evaluation.MethodThe drought-resistant cotton of KatG and SacB genes was used as research object to study the environmental adaptation, survival competitiveness and impact on the farmland biomes of transgenic drought-resistant cotton in wasteland and cultivated land. Based on the climate condition of Xinjiang, the possibility of transgenic cotton being transformed into weeds under wasteland conditions was analyzed. The ecological information theory was used to analyze the effects of transgenic drought-resistant cotton on biomes.ResultThe test materials for surface spreading in the three test areas failed to emerge, and the seedling rate of underground seeding materials was lower, the highest seedling rate was 47.3%, the plant was short, the plant height was 39.8 cm, and the flowering buds could not be flowered during the growth cycle. The Shannon-Wiener index of the weed communities in the three experimental areas was 2.232, the minimum was 2.070, the uniformity index was 0.920, and the minimum was 0.737. There was no significant difference between different cotton planting areas in the same experimental area (P>0.05); the Shannon-Wiener index of the weed community at different planting depths was 1.603 at the maximum, the minimum was 1.188, the uniformity index was at most 0.874, the minimum was 0.615, and there was no significant difference in the Shannon-Wiener index of weeds among the same cotton materials (P>0.05); under different planting densities, the Shannon-Wiener index of the weed community was 1.455, the minimum was 1.263, the uniformity index was 0.918, the minimum was 0.615, and the Shannon-Wiener index of weeds among the same cotton materials was not significantly different (P>0.05).ConclusionThe environmental adaptability of transgenic drought-tolerant cotton in the wasteland of Xinjiang is weak, and the grain-splitting cotton has no possibility of wintering, and the possibility of becoming weeds is negligible. The survival competition between the wasteland ecological region and other species is at a disadvantage, and will not significantly affect the community diversity and species distribution within the planting area.