彭水中华蜜蜂产业发展优势、存在问题及对策措施

目的为获得重庆市彭水县蜜源植物较完整的蜜源资源及基础研究信息，研究结果将丰富蜜源研究内容并为当地蜂业发展提供指导。方法蜜源资源情况的调查、统计与分析通过野外调查、标本采集鉴定及走访的方法来进行；超微结构的研究通过电镜扫描的方法来进行。结果该地区蜜源共147种，隶属于56科120属；主要蜜源2种，辅助蜜源144种，有毒蜜源1种。春夏秋冬四季蜜源各65、89、56及5种。蜜源主要分布在海拔600~1 000 m范围内，有104种。获得2种蜜源花蜜腺及11种蜜源花粉的超微结构。结论彭水县蜜源植物资源有丰富的多样性，除冬季外，花期延续，春秋季可生产商品蜜。确定盐肤木为主要蜜源植物，首次报道了川莓的蜜腺及川莓、小蜡和香果树花粉的超微结构。为彭水蜂蜜的孢粉学研究提供理论基础。建议保护现有野生蜜源，扩大盐肤木种植面积以获得更多的优质商品蜜。

Effects of temperature on performance and phenotypic selection on plant traits in alpine Ranunculus acris

PurposeIn order to obtain a complete honeybee plant resources and basic research information of honeybee plants in Pengshui County, Chongqing. The results will enrich the research contents of honeybee plants resources and provide a guidance for the development of local bee keeping.MethodThe honeybee plants were investigated, estimated and analyzed through field investigation, specimen collection and identification and interview. The nectarium and pollen was studied by scanning electron microscopy.ResultThere were 147 species of honeybee plant belonging to 120 genera and 56 families in this area. Two species were the major honeybee plant, 144 species were the complementary honeybee plant, 1 specie was the poisonous plant. There were 65, 89, 56 and 5 species respectively in spring, summer, autumn and winter. Most of the species were mainly distributed in 600~1 000 m, with 104 species. We got the ultra-microstructure of nectarium (2 species) and pollen (11 species) scans.ConclusionThere were abundant diversity of honeybee plant in Pengshui County. Except in winter, commercial honey could be produced in spring and autumn for the continued anthesis of different honeybee plant. Rhus chinensis was determined major honeybee plant. The nectarium structure of Rubus setchuenensis and the pollen structures of R. setchuenensis, Ligustrum sinense and Emmenopterys henryi are being reported for the first time, which provided a theoretical basis for the melissopalynologie study of Pengshui honey. Recommendations for the protection of the existing wild honeybee plant resources and expand the planting area of R. chinensis to obtain more high-quality commercial honey.