减量化与资源化: 农业废弃物法律调整路径研究

目的提高奶牛粪厌氧干发酵产气效率和探究生物炭对其影响效果。方法将核桃壳在300、400、500和600 ℃下烧制成生物炭，将生物炭加入干发酵体系中，添加量为总固体(total solid，TS)质量的4%，发酵罐中总干物质质量占总发酵质量的25%，接种量为发酵反应物质总质量的30%，于中温(37±1)℃下进行发酵试验并对生物炭及发酵料液进行电镜扫描。结果600H组起到了良好的促进效果，其发酵VS产甲烷量达(183.46±2.93) mL/g，比对照组高30.52%；电镜扫描发现：500H组、600H组和CK组的微生物菌群呈聚集现象。结论相对低温条件下制备的生物炭不利于干发酵，500H组和600H组生物炭有利于干发酵。本研究为干发酵中加入生物炭的相关研究提供了支持。

Different aspects of dry anaerobic digestion for bio-energy: an overview

PurposeTo improve the gas production efficiency of dry anaerobic fermentation of cow manure and explore the effect of biochar on it.MethodsThe biochar made from walnut shell under different temperature gradients was added into the dry fermentation system. The amount of biochar was 4% of the total solid (TS), the amount of total dry matter in fermentation tank accounts for 25% of total fermentation quality, and the inoculation rate was 30% of the total fermentation weight. The fermentation experiment was carried out under the medium temperature (37±1)℃, and the biochar and fermentation broth were scanned by electron microscope.Results600H group played a good role in promoting VS methane production, which was (183.46±2.93) mL/g, 30.52% higher than that of the control group. Election microscope showed that microbial community aggregated in 500H group, 600H group and control qroup.ConclusionThe biochar prepared at relatively low temperature is not conducive to dry fermentation, and the biochar of 500H group and 600H group is conducive to dry fermentation. This study provides support for the research of adding biochar in dry fermentation.