海水连续4年灌溉对库拉索芦荟生长、糖和芦荟甙含量的效应研究

研究不同比例海淡混合水4年灌溉对库拉索芦荟全叶鲜重、叶片含水量和叶片中可溶性糖、多糖和芦荟甙含量的影响。结果表明:10%、25%海水灌溉下,芦荟的全叶鲜重与对照(淡水)差异不显著,50%、75%和100%海水灌溉下的全叶鲜重显著下降,分别较对照降低11%、28%和46%。10%、25%、50%、75%海水灌溉下,芦荟的全叶干重与对照(淡水)差异不显著,100%海水灌溉下的全叶干重显著下降,较对照降低14%。CK、10%、25%、50%海水处理的地上部含水量之间差异不显著,75%、100%海水处理下,其地上部含水量显著下降。在地上部不同叶位的叶片中,老叶随着海水胁迫强度的增加,其含水量下降幅度较大,而幼叶和中部叶含水量下降幅度较小。海水灌溉处理下叶片可溶性糖含量显著高于淡水灌溉处理,在海水灌溉各处理间,随海水比例增大,芦荟叶片中可溶性糖含量呈逐渐显著增加趋势,经过4年比例海淡混合水连续灌溉,芦荟叶片中多糖含量与淡水灌溉处理没有显著差异,但芦荟甙含量随海水灌溉强度的增加而增加,75%海水处理达最大值。不同比例海淡混合水灌溉芦荟的试验是可行的,可以节约淡水,并在一定的海水稀释配比下(75%海水)可以提高芦荟的主要药用功效成份芦荟甙的含量。

Effect of 4-yeared continuous seawater irrigation on growth, contents of sugar and aloin in Aloe vera

A study was carried out on variation of fresh weight of a whole leaf and contents of water, soluble sugar, polysaccharide and aloin in leaves of aloes after four years of irrigation with mixtures of seawater and fresh water different in mixing ratio. Results show that no distinct difference was observed between irrigations with 0%, 10% and 25% of seawater in leaf fresh weight, between irrigations with 0%, 10%, 25%, 50% and 75% of seawater in leaf dry weight, and between irrigations with 0%, 10%, 25% and 50% of seawater in water content in the ground part of aloe, and that irrigations with 50%, 75% and 100% of seawater reduced leaf fresh weight by 11.5%, 28.1% and 45.6%, respectively as compared with control (0% seawater), irrigation with 100% of seawater did leaf dry weight by 14%, and irrigations with 75% and 100% of seawater water contents in the ground part significantly. Among the leaves different in position, water content in leaves dropped with intensifying seawater stress, and the effect was more significant in leaves of the lower part than in leaves of the middle and upper parts. Soluble sugar content in leaves of aloe irrigated with seawater increased with the rising seawater ratio. Polysaccharide content in leaves did not vary much with the irrigation Aloin content increased significantly with the rising seawater ratio of the irrigation and peaked in aloe irrigated with 75% of seawater. Therefore, it is concluded that the experiment is successful and that irrigating Aloe vera with mixture of seawater and fresh water of a proper ratio (75%) can save fresh water sources and markedly improve the content of aloin, which is the major element of medicinal effect in aloe.