小麦黄矮病新抗源中4,中5的选育及应用研究

中4、中5是用经过连续3年系统选育的天蓝偃麦草作父本,地理远缘的小麦品种克强与南大2419杂交的F_5后代材料作母本,通过两者杂交,并采取延长生育法等技术克服F_1不育性,经过连续9年选育而成.对小麦黄矮病高抗,对条、叶、秆三种锈病的多种生理小种均表现免疫至高抗,还具有高蛋白(含量17.08%、17.13%);高赖氨酸(含量为0.483%、0.50%)等特点,是人工合成的优异的小麦多抗、优质资源.用中4、中5与普通小麦杂交,已成功地将抗黄矮病基因转移到普通小麦,育成陕麦8007、陕麦8124、忻4070、忻4079、中1001等品种(系).

Studies on Selection Breeding and Utilization of Zhong 4, Zhong 5 as New Resistance Sources to Wheat Yellow Dwarf Virus

Agropyron glaucum which was systematically selected for three years as male parent was crossed with F5 progeny material of wheat variety "Keqiang" of geographically distant hybridized with "Nanda 2419" as female parent. In order to eliminate F1 sterility, prolonging fertility method was adopted. Zhong 4 and Zhong 5 were obtained through nine years continuous selection breeding.Zhong 4 and Zhong 5 have high resistance to wheat yellow dwarf virus, have immunity or high resistance to many physiologic forms of stripe, leaf and stalk rust disease and possess high protein (17.08-17.13% content) , and high lysine (0.48-0.50% content) etc. Therefore, they are superior resources for excellent synthetic wheat with multiple resistance. When zhong 4 and Zhong 5 were crossed with common wheat, the resistant genes to whaet yellow dwarf virus were successfully transferred to common wheat,and new varieties (lines) such as Shaanmai 8007, 8124 and Xin 4070, 4079 and Zhong 1001 were breeded.