玉米浆及配合其他有机物料对苏打碱土改良效果及腐殖质特性变化

为研究玉米浆(CSL)及其与不同有机物料混合对苏打盐碱土的改良效果及腐殖质特性变化,本文以松原市苏打盐碱土为研究对象,设置对照组(CK)、1/2倍用量玉米浆(1/2CSL)、1倍量玉米浆(CSL)、2倍量玉米浆(2CSL)、1/2倍用量玉米浆与秸秆混合(1/2CSL+C)、1/2倍用量玉米浆与生物质炭混合(1/2CSL+B)和1/2倍用量玉米浆与泥炭混合(1/2CSL+P)7个处理,研究了其对苏打盐碱土的改良效果及腐殖质组成和胡敏酸(HA)结构特征的变化。每个处理3次重复。结果表明:与CK相比,除2CSL,各玉米产量均增加,增长比率为66.67%～193.65%,各处理pH、全盐量的降低比率分别为9.80%～11.09%、12.2%～44.3%,碱化度降低12.67～26.53个百分点。1/2CSL处理的有机碳含量增加了46.19%,HA和胡敏素(HM)分别增加了48.59%和47.32%,I2920/I1720增加了156.3%,H/C增加了25.96%,(O+S)/C降低了30.68%,放热量高温值/中温值降低了48.6%,质量损失量高温值/中温值降低了14.2%。说明有机物料的施入使土壤HA结构的脂族性增强,氧化度、缩合度和热稳定性降低,结构趋于年轻化,其中1/2CSL处理效果最好。

Improvement effects of corn steep liquor and other organic materials on alkaline soil and the change in humus characteristics

The present study evaluated effects of corn steep liquor(CSL) and its mixture with different organic materials on the improvement of saline-alkali soil and the change in humus characteristics. Saline soils from Songyuan City were used as the research object, and the following treatments were established:the control group(CK), 1/2 times the amount of corn steep liquor(1/2CSL), 1 times the amount of corn steep liquor(CSL), 2 times the amount of corn steep liquor(2CSL), 1/2 times the amount of corn steep liquor mixed with straw(1/2CSL+C), 1/2 times the amount of corn steep liquor mixed with biomass charcoal(1/2CSL+B), and 1/2 times the amount of corn steep liquor mixed with peat(1/2CSL+P). The improvement effect of saline-alkali soil and the changes in humus composition and humic acid(HA) structure characteristics were studied. Three replicates per treatment were used. The results showed that compared with CK, except for 2CSL, the yield of corn after each treatment increased by 66.67%~193.65%, and the pH, total salt content of each soil increased by 9.80%~11.09%, and 12.2%~44.3%, respectively, the alkalinity increased 12.67~26.53 percentage points. The organic carbon content of the 1/2CSL treatment increased by 46.19%, HA, and humin(HM) increased by 48.59% and 47.32%, respectively, I₂₉₂₀/I₁₇₂₀ increased by 156.3%, H/C increased by 25.96%, and(O+S)/C decreased by 30.68%. The high/medium heat release ratio decreased by 48.6%, and the high/medium weight loss ratio decreased by 14.2%. This shows that the application of organic materials enhances the aliphaticity of the soil HA structure, reduces the degree of oxidation, condensation, and thermal stability, and tends to produce a younger structure. In addition, the 1/2CSL treatment is found to be the most suitable.