一株香蕉枯萎病生防芽胞杆菌的鉴定、生物学特性和抗菌谱研究

本文API生化鉴定系统对生防芽胞杆菌R31进行鉴定，并研究了该菌株的生物学特性和抗菌谱。结果表明： R31菌株被鉴定为枯草芽胞杆菌，生物学特性数据显示该菌株适宜偏酸或偏碱条件生长，偏酸环境的最佳生长pH为5.13，偏碱环境的最佳pH为8.99，最佳碳源为蔗糖，最佳氮源为酵母浸提物，NA培养基测定的生长曲线显示24 h内该菌株生长达到稳定期；抗菌谱研究显示该菌株在平板上对包括多株香蕉枯萎病菌在内的多种植物病原镰刀菌具有明显的抑制效果，主要引起病原菌菌丝肿胀畸形，原生质浓缩，以及菌丝破裂原生质外流。

Identification of a banana vascular wilt bio-control Bacillus strain and its biological characteristics and antagonistic spectrum

The identification, biological characteristics and antagonistic spectrum of Panama disease bio-control Bacillus strain R31 were studied in this paper. R31 strain was identified as Bacillus subtilis based on the API identification system. The biological characteristics researches showed that R31 grew well at weak acid condition or weak alkalinity condition, the optimum pH in these two different condition were 5.13 or 8.99, respectively. Sucrose was its optimum carbon source while yeast extract was its optimum nitrogen source, it got the stationary growth phase by cultured in NA medium in 24 hours. This strain although had a broad antagonistic spectrum on fungi, lots of Fusarium pathogens included different F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense strains were inhibited obviously by R31 strain in petri dish culture, the hypha of fungi became malformation and broken finally with the protoplasm outflow.