豫中典型样区土地利用多样性的空间分异及关联分析

选取河南省中部典型样区为研究对象，运用GIS和RS技术提取并分析了研究区2001年到2007年各土地利用类型面积变化及土地利用变化的转移矩阵。利用仙农熵变形公式计算了研究区的土地利用构成组分多样性和1 km×1km、2 km×2 km两种网格尺度下的空间分布多样性指数，并运用灰色理论，探讨了土地利用面积与其空间分布特征之间的关联性。结果表明，研究区内农用地和交通运输用地变化趋势最为显著，其中农用地减少的面积最多，高达131 km2，相比2001年减少了1.5%，交通运输用地增加的最多，比2001年增加了81.3%，土地利用类型之间的转化反映了研究区城市化进程在不断发展；研究区农用地的空间分布多样性指数趋近1.0，表明其空间分布非常均匀；交通运输用地的空间分布多样性指数为0.85，其空间分布离散程度相对较高；各土地利用类型的面积与其空间分布多样性之间存在着正相关关系。

Spatial variation of land use diversity patterns and its correlation analysis for the case areas in the central Henan Province

The land use type and the transformation matrix were analyzed for the selected case areas from 2001 to 2007 in the central Henan Province by using RS and GIS tools. The modified Shannon entropy formulate was used to calculate the composition distribution diversity of land use and the land use spatial distribution diversity index in different grid scales of 1 km×1 km and 2 km×2 km for the researched areas before exploring the correlationship between areas of land use type and land use spatial distribution diversity using the Grey Theory. Results showed that the most highly significant kind of land use change trend was the agricultural land which showed a significant decreasing trend (reduced 131 km2 at 1.5% from 2001 to 2007) and transportation land which was a significant increasing trend(81.3%) reflecting the high urbanization development; the spatial distribution diversity index of the agricultural land was close to 1.0 that meant a uniform spatial distribution patterns, while the spatial distribution diversity index of transportation land was 0.83; and there was a positive correlationship between the area of land use and land use spatial distribution diversity of the related case areas.