缓释肥料在苦瓜上的应用效果初报

采用田间试验的方法研究了混合（非包膜）型缓释肥料在苦瓜上的应用效果。结果表明，缓释肥比专用肥有一定的增产和改善品质的效果，肥效基本达到或超过常规分次施肥。缓释肥2号的增产效果明显，比专用肥处理增产14.9%~18.0%，比常规分次施肥增产6.9%~8.0%；其苦瓜Vc、粗蛋白含量比专用肥分别提高18.4%和34.9%，而对水溶性糖含量的影响不明显；其氮素农学利用率也比专用肥提高33.8%~62.0%。比常规分次施肥处理增加14.3%~23.1%。试验结果初步表明缓释肥2号的肥效明显，具有一定应用前景。

Effects of Slow-release Fertilizers on Bitter Gourd ( Momordica charantia )

A two-year field trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of four types of non-coated bulk blend slow-release nutrient fertilizers on the fruit yields and quality of bitter gourd (Momordica charantia L.). The results indicated that slow-release nutrient fertilizer (No. 2) was most effective in increasing fruit yields and improving fruit quality of bitter gourd among the slow-release nutrient fertilizers. Compared with the spilt applications of the specific bulk blend fertilizer and conventional fertilizer, basal application of the slow-release nutrient fertilizer (No. 2) increased the fruit yield of bitter gourd from 14.9% to 18.0% and 6.9% to 8.0%, respectively. Ascorbic acid (Vc) and crude protein contents of the fruits were also increased by 18.4% and 34.8%. However, no differences were observed in water soluble sugar contents of the fruits. In addition, application of the slow-release nutrient fertilizer (No. 2) increased the agronomic nitrogen use efficiency from 33.8% to 62.0%, and 14.3% to 23.1%. The results of this study suggested that the slow-release nutrient fertilizer (No. 2) may have potential as a commercial slow-release fertilizer.