不同肥料类型对滨海盐碱地棉花生长及肥料利用率的影响

为探索不同肥料类型在滨海盐碱地地区的应用效果，指导该地合理植棉施肥，选取了5种肥料类型：市售复合肥、市售有机无机复混肥、自制有机无机复混型肥（大、小2种）和双包膜球形肥(DSCF)，在等N、P、K施入量条件下，采用田间随机区组设计，比较不同肥料类型对棉花生长及肥料利用率的影响。结果表明，在等N、P、K施入量条件下，双包膜球形肥和小颗粒自制复混肥表现出较好的效果。二者增加了棉株营养器官和生殖器官中N、P、K的积累量；氮肥表观利用率较市售复混肥分别提高了7.9和4.2个百分点；磷肥表观利用率分别提高了2.2和1.6个百分点；钾肥表观利用率分别提高了3.3和0.5个百分点；其中该2种自制肥的磷肥表观利用率与市售复混肥差异极显著(P＜0.01)，双包膜球形肥的氮肥表观利用率与市售复混肥差异显著(P＜0.05)；与市售复混肥相比，二者分别增加籽棉产量11.98%和7.39%；分别增加皮棉产量11.83%和7.29%。

Effect of Different Fertilizer Types on Cotton Growth and Fertilizer Utilization in Coastal Saline Soil

In order to guide the reasonable cotton fertilization and evaluate the effect of different fertilization types on the cotton growth and fertilizer utilization in the Yellow River Delta coastal saline area. Five fertilizer types, which were ordinary compound fertilizer, ordinary organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer, homemade organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer (large and small) and the double-coated slow-release organic-inorganic compound fertilizer (DSCF), were selected to test at the same N, P, K amount. DSCF and small particles homemade fertilizer showed better results. Compared with ordinary organic-inorganic mixed fertilizer, the two increased N, P, K apparent efficiency by 7.9 and 4.2, 2.2 and 1.6, 3.3 and 0.5 percentage points, respectively, and also increased N, P, Kaccumulation of cotton vegetative organs and genitals, the seed cotton yield anincrease of 11.98%, 7.39%, respectively; the lint yield an increase of 11.83% and 7.29% respectively.