不同覆盖方式下山地澳洲坚果园对磷利用的影响研究

为解决10年以上山地澳洲坚果种植园磷利用效率在持续降低的现象，采用腐熟的澳洲坚果皮及地膜为覆盖材料，连续2年对澳洲坚果园磷利用相关的指标进行观测研究。结果表明：与对照相比，覆盖2年后，澳洲坚果树冠下地膜覆盖和覆盖果皮均可以提高根系生物量，而覆盖果皮可显著提高类蛋白根的发生量及细根生物量，显著增加细根在根系中的比重；随着覆盖时间的延长，覆盖果皮可显著降低果园土壤总磷的含量，提高澳洲坚果树叶片磷的含量，降低土壤速效磷的浓度，即增强了土壤有效磷的转化效率，对照及覆膜处理下果园总磷含量及有效磷含量均有升高趋势，而叶片磷含量却趋向降低；覆盖果皮可显著提高澳洲坚果座果率及产量，覆膜处理反而降低了澳洲坚果座果率和产量。该研究表明，澳洲坚果皮覆盖可作为山地澳洲坚果园有益的管理措施。

Effects of Different Mulching Patterns on utilize of Soil Phosphorus in the Macadamia Mountain Orchard

In order to solve some mature orchards ten years and older have become inefficient in absorbing phosphorus fertilizers. In this study, the maturity of the macadamia husk and plastic film to mulching the Macadamia Mountain Orchard, two consecutive years of macadamia Orchard phosphorus use of relevant indicators observational studies. The results showed that, Compared with the control, Macadamia orchard mulching the macadamia husk and plastic film can improve root biomass, while mulching the macadamia husk can significantly generation rate increase protein-root and fine root biomass, a significant increase in fine root in the proportion of roots; with the extension of time mulching the macadamia husk can significantly reduce the total phosphorus content of macadamia orchard soil, improve the content of macadamia leaf phosphorus, reducing the concentration of soil available phosphorus, That enhances the conversion efficiency of soil available phosphorus. Soil phosphorus content and phosphorus content had an increasing trend under mulching plastic film and no mulching, but it tends to reduce the phosphorus content of leaves; mulching the macadamia husk can significantly improve the rate of fruit and macadamia nut production, but the macadamia fruit set and yield reduces with mulching plastic film. This research suggests that husk mulch applications beneficially impact macadamia orchards and may be a useful management tool.