生物炭替代泥炭栽培基质对铁皮石斛生长的影响

为提高农林废弃物的再利用率，缓解泥炭资源消耗问题，以竹条炭化制备的生物炭部分替代泥炭为栽培基质，进行基质泥炭替代试验。采用完全随机区组设计，以松树皮+泥炭基质作为对照组，以分别添加3%、6%和10%的竹炭（即部分替代泥炭）作为试验组，研究不同栽培基质配比对铁皮石斛生长的影响。结果表明：3%与6%的生物炭替代量没有显著影响铁皮石斛产量、株高、茎粗、节间距、叶长、叶宽、根数和根长。然而，10%的生物炭替代量在铁皮石斛株高、节间距、节数、叶数方面显著降低。另外，6%的生物炭替代量在萌芽数较对照组提高24.13%，但其移栽成活率最低。从短期来看，3%的生物炭替代泥炭可作为铁皮石斛的新基质，可为生物炭在作物栽培方面的合理利用提供参考，而长期的效果需要进一步研究。

Effects of Biochar Replacing Peat in Culture Media on the Growth of Dendrobium officinale

In order to improve the utilization rate of agriculture and forestry residues, and reduce consumption of peat resources, a pot experiment was carried out by using bamboo biochar from bamboo chip carbonization as alternative substrate partly replacing peat. A completely randomized block design was chosen in the experiment, with pine bark+ peat as the control group, and 3%, 6% and 10% of bamboo biochar substitution addition as the experimental group, respectively, which aimed to study the effects of different substrates on the growth of Dendrobium officinale. The results showed that there was no significant difference in yield, plant height, stem diameter, section spacing, leaf length, leaf width, root number and root length of Dendrobium officinalunder among 3% and 6% biochar alternative compared with the control treatment. However, the plant height, section spacing, section number, leaf number of Dendrobium officinale were significantly decreased with 10% amount of biochar alternative. Furthermore, the number of bud with 6% amount of biochar replacement was increased by 24.13%, while the survival rate was the lowest. Overall, in the short term, 3% amount of biochar alternative could be a new matrix to planting Dendrobium officinale, which can offer reference for the biochar utilization in crop cultivation, but the long-term effect about its utilization still needs to be further studied.