矿物调理剂对酸性土壤酸度降低和菠菜镉累积的影响

为改良酸性土壤、降低重金属活性和提高酸性土壤生产力，采用盆栽试验，探究硅钙钾镁肥(T1)、矿物调理剂A(T2)和矿物调理剂B(T3)降低土壤酸度的效果和对菠菜Cd累积的影响。结果表明:施用10 g/kg的矿物调理剂均能显著提高土壤pH，降低土壤交换性Al³⁺，使土壤酸度降低，矿物调理剂B的效果最优(T3)。施用矿物调理剂显著促进了菠菜的生长，T1、T2和T3处理使植株鲜重分别增加13.8、15.9和15.9倍。T2和T3处理使土壤DTPA-Cd含量分别降低41.6%和41.0%，菠菜植株Cd浓度分别降低48.9%和50.9%。此外，T2和T3处理也抑制了菠菜对Cd的累积，菠菜生物富集系数分别降低49.1%和50.9%。综上，以硅酸盐矿物、牡蛎壳粉和白云石为主要原材料制备的矿物调理剂在改良酸性土壤和降低镉的生物有效性方面具有更大的潜力。

Effects of mineral amendments on acidic soil acidity reduction and spinach cadmium accumulation

Applying mineral amendments is an effective way to meliorate acid soil, reduce heavy metal activity, and increase acid soil productivity. Pot experiment was conducted to investigate for the effects of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer(T1), mineral amendment A(T2)and mineral amendment B(T3)on acidic soil acidity reduction and spinach cadmium accumulation. The results showed that: The mineral amendments at 10 g/kg significantly raised soil pH, decreased soil exchangeable Al³⁺, eventually led to a decrease in soil acidity. The higher reduction was found in mineral amendment B treatment(T3). Besides, the application of mineral amendments promoted spinach growth and the fresh weight were increased by 13. 8, 15. 9 and 15. 9 folds in T1, T2 and T3 treatments, respectively. T2 and T3 treatments also significantly reduced DTPA-Cd(41. 6% and 41. 0%)and plant Cd concentrations(48. 9% and 50. 9%), indicating that spinach Cd accumulation was deceased. Simultaneously, the BCF was reduced by 49. 1% and 50. 9%, respectively. In conclusion, the mineral amendment prepared by silicate minerals, oyster shell powder and dolomite can be utilized as potential amendments to meliorate acidic soil and decrease the bioavailability of Cd.