中国农业能源效率时空演进及其影响因素——基于技术异质视角

为探究技术异质情况下的中国农业能源率及其演变趋势，基于技术异质性框架，采用共同边界模型对近20年来中国农业能源效率进行测算，并使用标准差椭圆分析、Dagum基尼系数、双向固定效应等方法考察农业能源效率时空演进及影响因素。研究发现:1)样本期内，中国农业能源效率均值为0.612，呈逐年上升趋势，目前尚存在较大提升空间；2)空间上，呈东高西低的阶梯状分布特征，效率低下与农机装备技术创新不足和技术推广落后有关。时间上，椭圆面积没有发生明显变化，表明效率分布不存在明显的收敛或发散趋势；3)Dagum基尼系数结果表明，中国农业能源效率省际间存在差距，但呈缩小趋势，东中西部区域间差异是造成中国农业能源效率省际间发展不平衡的主要原因；4)影响因素分析表明，中国农业能源效率与种植结构及基础设施水平正向相关，与能源结构、经济结构及受灾率负向相关。基于分析结论，最后提出三点提升农业能源效率的政策建议，旨在更好地促进中国农业绿色发展转型。

Temporal and spatial evolution of agricultural energy efficiency in China and its influencing factors: From the perspective of technological heterogeneity

To explore China''s agricultural energy efficiency and its evolution trend from the perspective of technological heterogeneity, based on the framework of technological heterogeneity, this study uses the common boundary model to measure China''s agricultural energy efficiency in the past 20 years, and uses the standard deviation ellipse analysis, Dagum Gini coefficient, two-way fixed effect and other methods to investigate the spatio-temporal evolution of agricultural energy efficiency and its influencing factors. The results show that: 1)During the sample period, the average agricultural energy efficiency in China is 0. 612, showing an increasing trend year by year, and there is still a large room for improvement. 2)Spatially, the low efficiency is associated with the lack of technological innovation of agricultural machinery equipment and the backward promotion of technology. In terms of time, the ellipse area does not change obviously indicating that the efficiency distribution does not have obvious convergence or divergence trend. 3)Dagum Gini coefficient results show that there is a gap between provinces in agricultural energy efficiency in China, but it tends to narrow, and the regional difference between eastern, central, and western is the main cause of the inter-provincial development imbalance of agricultural energy efficiency in China. 4)Influencing factor analysis shows that agricultural energy efficiency in China is positively correlated with planting structure and infrastructure level, and negatively correlated with energy structure, economic structure and disaster rate. Based on the analysis results, three policy suggestions are proposed in this study to improve agricultural energy efficiency in order to better promote the transformation of China''s agricultural green development.