红麻根结线虫生活习性及防治研究

研究表明,我国红麻上的根结线虫有南方根结线虫(Meloidogyne incognita)1号和2号小种,爪哇根结线虫(M.javanica)和花生根结线虫(M.arenaria)2号小种,南方根结线虫是优势种。它们都不为害棉花、花生、小麦、芝麻和苎麻,对高粱和玉米为害极轻。丝瓜、西瓜、番茄和空心莲子草为其共同寄主。南方根结线虫还侵染大豆、豇豆、苦瓜、菜瓜、南瓜、茄子、辣椒、烟草、黄麻、甘薯、黄瓜、白菜、莴苣、菜豆和扁豆等作物。红麻根结线虫的二龄幼虫主要分布在0～40cm 土层内,砂壤土中的线虫密度大于黄壤土。病原线虫以卵和二龄幼虫主要在病株残体中越冬。实行轮作、清除病残和药剂处理土壤是防治本病的有效措施。

STUDIES ON HABITS OF ROOT KNOT NEMATODES OF KENAF AND THEIR CONTROL

The pathogenic root knot nematodes of kenaf in China were race1 and 2 of Meloidogyne incognita,M.Javanica and race 2 of M.arenaria.The M.incognita was dominant.Among 26 tested crops,cotton,peanut,wheat,sesame and ramie were immune to all 3 species;sorghumand corn,bearing below 2.0 of gall index and egg-mass index,respec-tively,were unsuitable to nematodes;and the rest were seriously at-tacked by these nematodes.The infective larvae distributed principallywithin 0-40cm of soil layer.Only eggs and infective larvae couldoverwinter,mainly in the infected residue.The effective control practicesincluded rotation,residues cleaning and soil treatment with nemato-cides.