施肥机管路布置对文丘里施肥器吸肥性能的影响

为探究施肥机不同管路布置方式对文丘里施肥器在吸肥性能与通道数量等方面的影响,研究选用相同规格的5个文丘里施肥器,针对不同主管压力和2种管路布置方式进行了多通道吸肥室内试验.结果表明:旁路吸肥式与旁路助肥式相比,可同时支配高效吸肥的通道数量较多,最多可达到6个,且对灌溉系统主管压力范围要求更宽泛,可同时满足多种营养液的精准配比施肥;当吸肥通道数量小于3个时,旁路助肥式单通道吸肥量随主管压力的增大而减小,而旁路吸肥式单通道吸肥量随主管压力增大基本保持稳定值;相同通道数量下,旁路吸肥式管路布置下的总吸肥流量和注肥比例明显大于旁路助肥式管路,“3吸肥通道+旁路吸肥式管路”可推荐作为施肥机管路优化布置的首选方式.

Effect of pipeline layout of fertilizer applicator on performance of Venturi injector

To explore the effect of different pipeline layouts in fertilizer applicator on Venturi injectors performance, multi-channel fertilizer applicators were tested with five same Venturi injectors for diffe-rent main pipe pressure and two pipeline layout modes. The results showed that compared with bypass-pushing-fertilizer pipeline, the numbers of Venturi injector channels with high efficiency can be dominated by bypass-pulling-fertilizer pipeline, up to a maximum of six. What′s more, bypass-pulling-fertilizer pipeline layout mode can meet accurate ratio fertilization of more various nutrient medium si-multaneously, and it can be applied to drip irrigation system that has a wider range of main pipe pressure compared with bypass-pushing-fertilizer mode. When the number of channels is less than 3, the ave-rage suction amount of single channel for bypass-pushing-fertilizer mode decreases with the increase of pressure, however, the average suction amount of single channel for bypass-pulling-ferti-lizer mode could keep stable. Under the same number of channels, the total suction volume flow and proportion of fertilizer injection for bypass-pulling-fertilizer mode are obviously higher than those for bypass-pushing-fertilizer mode, and ″three channels+ bypass-pulling-fertilizer mode″ can be recommended as an optimal pipeline layout mode for fertilizer applicator.