荧光假单胞菌SS101对苹果再植病害的生防效果

为明确荧光假单胞菌SS101对苹果再植病害的生防效果,采用平板对峙法和孢子萌发法研究了SS101菌株对9株来自不同苹果产区病原菌的抑制作用以及对盆栽海棠实生苗、海棠大苗和苹果树生长的影响,并测定了连续处理4年苹果树的产量。结果显示,SS101菌株对9株病原菌的菌丝生长抑制率为39.39%~72.00%,对孢子萌发抑制率为19.86%~51.77%;经SS101菌株处理后,海棠实生苗叶绿素含量、株高和鲜重均显著高于再植土处理,分别提高13.38%、19.39%和48.26%;经SS101菌株处理后,海棠大苗定植9个月后,茎粗净增长量为2.97 mm,增长率为214.05%,而再植土处理仅为114.02%;连续处理4年的苹果树平均单株产量比再植土处理提高139.46%,且消除了再植病害症状。研究表明,SS101菌株对苹果再植病害病原菌具有显著抑制作用,在田间对再植病害具有良好的防控效果。

Biocontrol effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens strain SS101 against apple replant disease

To confirm the control effect of Pseudomonas fluorescens strain SS101 against pathogenic fungi of apple replant disease (ARD), the inhibition effect of strain SS101 against nine pathogens'' which isolated from different apple growing regions were tested by the plate opposing reaction and spore germination method. The influencing effects of strain SS101 in replanted soil to growth of M. robusta seedlings, M. robusta plants and apple plants M. domestica were measured in pots, and the effect on apple yields was conducted on field after four years of serial treated with strain SS101. The results showed that the inhibitory effect of strain SS101 against mycelium growth of the pathogenic fungi inhibited rate ranges from 39.39% to 72.00%, and the effect to spore germination inhibited rate ranges from 19.86% to 51.77%. The chlorophyll content, plant height and fresh weight of M. robusta seedlings of strain SS101 treatment were increased by 13.38%, 19.39% and 48.26%, respectively; and significantly higher than that of the replanted soil control. The growth of stem diameter was 2.97 mm nine months after being treated with strain SS101, and the growth rate of stem diameter was 214.05%, much higher than that of control one with the rate 114.02%. The average of apple yield increased 139.46% after being treated with strain SS101 compare with the replanted soil control one for four years, and ARD symptom was eliminated. Strain SS101 had significant inhibition effect against the pathogens and showed good control efficacy to ARD in the fields.