The numerical status of Gazella dorcas and Gazella gazella in the Southern Negev Desert, Israel

Annual counts of Gazella gazella and Gazella dorcas were conducted in the southern Negev Desert of Israel during 1964–85. The Gazella dorcas population increased at an average annual rate of 9·05% near agricultural settlements and 3·8% in other areas (overall mean for the whole area was 7%). The total population size in 1985 was about 1100 animals.

The Gazella gazella population decreased during the study period at an average annual rate of 0·65%. The total population size in 1985 was estimated at 27 animals.

Possible reasons for the above population trends are discussed. It is suggested that a significant decrease in poaching and increased water and food availability near human settlements are responsible for the increase of G. dorcas, while increased interference from people, feral dogs and predators were the main factors causing the decrease of G. gazella.