太湖地区稻田全生物降解地膜应用研究

为解析全生物降解地膜在太湖地区稻田中应用效果，本研究通过设置常规种植（CK）、全生物降解地膜PLA和PBAT三个处理，系统测定了水稻分蘖数、株高、产量及产量构成、杂草率和土壤养分指标，同时比较了不同处理的实际成本。结果表明，全生物降解地膜处理提高了水稻无效分蘖，导致水稻穗数增加，结实率降低，实产显著降低，PLA和PBAT处理水稻实产较CK处理平均降低0.12%和1.6%。全生物降解膜处理显著抑制了稻田杂草，PLA和PBAT平均杂草抑制率达87.13%和89.18%。全生物降解膜处理条件下，土壤有机质、全氮、全磷和有效磷含量有降低趋势。全生物降解膜处理成本显著高于对照，其中PLA和PBAT处理每公顷成本分别为9900元和10500元，而CK处理仅为4800元。总体而言，全生物降解地膜在太湖地区常规水稻生产中并不适用，但考虑到其优秀的除草效果与环境友好特征，建议未来在有机稻种植过程中进行适当应用。

Application of biodegradable mulch film in rice field in Taihu Lake area

In order to understand the application effect of fully biodegradable mulch film (FBMF) in paddy fields in Taihu Lake area, a field experiment was conducted, including three treatments, i.e., CK (no film), PLA film and PBAT film. We systematically measured rice tillering numbers, plant height, rice yield and yield composition, weed rate and soil nutrient indexes. Meanwhile, the actual cost of different treatments was also compared. The results showed that FBMF treatments increased the ineffective tillering numbers, led to an increase in panicle number, a decrease in seed setting rate, and a significant decrease in rice actual yield. Compared with CK treatment, the yields of PLA and PBAT treatments decreased by 0.12% and 1.6% on average. FBMF treatments significantly inhibited weeds in paddy fields, with the average weed inhibition rates of PLA and PBAT reaching 87.13% and 89.18%. The contents of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, total phosphorus and available phosphorus had a decreasing trend under the condition of FBMF treatments. The costs of FBMF treatments were significantly higher than that of CK, in which the cost per hectare of PLA and PBAT treatment was 9900 CNY and 10500 CNY, respectively, while that of CK treatment was only 4800 CNY. In general, FBMF treatments are not suitable for conventional rice production in Taihu Lake region, but considering its excellent weeding effect and environment-friendly characteristics, it is recommended to apply it in organic rice cultivation in the future.