小麦新品种东昌7072的选育及高产栽培技术

东昌7072是安徽省东昌农业科技有限公司用良星99为父本、烟农15为母本有性杂交选育而成的白皮小麦新品种。该品种半冬性,全生育期219.0天,比对照济麦22早熟1.3天。幼苗半直立,叶片深绿色,春季返青拔节较快。分蘖力较强,幼苗长势中等,成穗率较高。株高83.2cm,株型松散,旗叶斜上举,大小适中,穗层整齐,茎秆披腊粉中等,落黄及熟相好看。穗长方型,长芒,籽粒饱满度好,角质,两年区域试验产量三要素结果分别为亩穗数44.2/44.5万,穗粒数29.0/32.2粒,千粒重41.7/40.3g。2019-2020两年度区域试验亩产517.3千克,比对照品种济麦22增产3.07%,2020-2021两年度区域试验亩产515.2千克,比对照济麦22品种增产5.72%。该品种栽培适宜播种期为10月中下旬,基本苗14-16万/亩,底肥亩施纯氮16-18千克,氧化钾5-8千克,五氧化二磷7-9千克,注意防治蚜虫、赤霉病等病虫害。

Breeding and High Yield Cultivation Techniques of a New Wheat Variety Dongchang 7072

Dongchang 7072 is a new white wheat variety developed by Anhui Dongchang Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd. through sexual hybridization using Liangxing 99 as the male parent and Yannong 15 as the female parent. This variety is semi wintering and has a full growth period of 219.0 days, maturing 1.3 days earlier than the control Jimai 22. The seedlings are semi erect, with dark green leaves, and they turn green and elongate quickly in spring. The tillering ability is strong, the seedling growth is moderate, and the ear formation rate is high. The plant height is 83.2cm, the plant type is loose, the flag leaves are tilted upwards, the size is moderate, the ear layer is neat, the stem is covered with wax powder, and the yellow and ripe appearance is beautiful. The ears are rectangular in shape, with long awns, good grain fullness, and horniness. The results of the two year regional trial yield three key factors are 442/44500 ears per mu, 29.0/32.2 grains per ear, and 41.7/40.3g thousand grain weight. The regional trial yield per mu from 2019 to 2020 was 517.3 kilograms, an increase of 3.07% compared to the control variety Jimai 22. The regional trial yield per mu from 2020 to 2021 was 515.2 kilograms, an increase of 5.72% compared to the control variety Jimai 22. The suitable planting period for this variety is mid to late October, with a basic seedling rate of 140000 to 160000 yuan per mu. Pure nitrogen of 16-18 kilograms, potassium oxide of 5-8 kilograms, and phosphorus pentoxide of 7-9 kilograms per mu should be applied as the base fertilizer. Attention should be paid to the prevention and control of aphids, scab, and other pests and diseases.