生物菌肥对采煤塌陷复垦土壤生物活性及盆栽油菜产量和品质的影响

通过盆栽试验,采用完全随机区组设计,研究了与化肥、有机肥配施下,不同生物菌肥用量对矿区复垦地土壤微生物生化强度和酶活性以及油菜产量和品质的影响。结果表明:施用生物菌肥能够明显增强土壤生化作用强度,提高土壤酶活性;菌肥处理土壤的呼吸强度、氨化作用强度、硝化作用强度和过氧化氢酶活性均显著高于对照(P0.05);当菌肥用量大于0.04g·kg-1(土)时,菌肥处理的土壤脲酶和蔗糖酶活性与对照差异显著(P0.05)。此外,施用菌肥还可以提高油菜产量,改善油菜品质;菌肥处理的油菜单株干重、硝酸盐和还原糖含量与对照差异显著(P0.05);菌肥用量大于0.04g·kg-1(土)时,油菜Vc含量与对照存在显著差异(P0.05);菌肥用量小于0.08g·kg-1(土)时,单株鲜重与对照差异不显著。本研究表明施用生物菌肥对塌陷复垦土壤生物活性有促进作用,并能够改善油菜品质。

Effect of bacterial manure on soil biological activity, yield and quality of rape in reclaimed core-mining areas

A pot experiment was conducted with a randomized complete block design to investigate the effects of different levels of bacterial manure on soil biochemical reaction, enzyme activity and rape yield and quality in reclaimed core-mining soils under combination application of organic and chemical fertilizers. The results show that bacterial manure increases soil biochemical reaction thereby enhancing soil enzyme activity. Soil respiration rate, ammonification and nitrification intensity, as well as catalase (CAT) activity under bacterial manure treatment are significantly (P<0.05) higher than those under the control. When the content of bacterial manure exceeds 0.04 g·kg^-1(soil), significant differences (P<0.05) are observed between the treatment and control in the activities of urease and sucrose. Besides, bacterial manure enhances rape production and quality. There are significant (P<0.05) differences between treatment and control in average dry-weight of individual plants and in contents of nitrate and reducing sugar. When the level of bacterial manure exceeds 0.04 g·kg^-1(soil), the content of Vc significantly (P<0.05) outweighs the control. When the level of bacterial manure is less than 0.08 g·kg^-1 soil, no significant differences are noted between treatment and control in fresh-weights of individual plants. The study indicates that bacterial manure positively influences soil biological activity and rape quality in reclaimed core-mining areas.