油蟠桃果实发育规律与品质相关因子变化研究

为研究油蟠桃果实生长发育规律以及主要品质指标的形成和变化规律，以‘紫月’、‘新月’、‘美月’油蟠桃为试材，对果实发育过程中纵横径、单果重、可溶性总糖、可滴定酸、淀粉含量和落果进行研究。结果表明：‘紫月’、‘新月’、‘美月’果实发育规律基本符合核果类果实双“S”型曲线。随着果实的生长发育，‘新月’、‘美月’可溶性总糖含量变化呈逐步上升趋势，可滴定酸变化呈先升后降趋势，果实淀粉含量呈递减趋势。落果波相观察‘美月’有3次落果高峰；‘紫月’、‘新月’分别有2次落果高峰，且第一次落果期时间较长，可能与‘紫月’、‘新月’果实发育期比‘美月’短有关。总体看来，油蟠桃果实生长发育规律以及主要品质相关因子的变化规律与普通桃、油桃相似。

Fruit Development Rule of Flat Nectarine and the Variation of Its Quality-related Factors

The aim of this experiment was to study the fruit growth-development rule of flat nectarine and the formation and variation of the main quality indexes. With‘Ziyue’,‘Xinyue’and‘Meiyue’as the experimental materials, this paper studied the vertical and horizontal diameter of the fruit, the single fruit weight, the total soluble sugars, the titratable acid, the starch content and the fruit drop during fruit development of flat nectarine. The results showed that the fruit growth rules of‘Ziyue’,‘Xinyue’and‘Meiyue’were basically in accord with the double“S”curve of the stone fruits. Along with the fruit development, for‘Xinyue’and‘Meiyue’, the content of total soluble sugar displayed a tendency of increase gradually, the titratable acid content increased at first and then exhibited a decline, and the starch content of the fruit had a descending trend. Based on the fruit drop wave observation,‘Meiyue’had three obvious premature drop peaks.‘Ziyue’and‘Xinyue’had two obvious premature drop peaks, respectively, both of them had a longer first drop period, and the reason was probably related to the fact that the fruit development periods of ‘Ziyue’ and ‘Xinyue’ were shorter than that of‘Meiyue’. Overall, the fruit development rules of flat nectarine and the variations of its quality-related factors were similar to that of the normal peach and nectarine.