五台山站气候资料均一性检验及气候变化趋势分析

为了研究五台山站气候资料均一性及气候变化趋势，利用1957—2013 年五台山气象观测站的地面逐月气温和降水量，采用滑动T 检验、回归订正法、线性倾向估计、滑动平均法等方法，全面分析五台山站迁站前后气候资料均一性与气候变化特征。结果表明：（1）1 月、5—10 月降水量序列在五台山站迁站前后无显著差异，其余各气象要素序列在五台山站迁站前后存在显著差异。（2）从1998 年开始，五台山站因迁站导致气温观测值比1998 年前偏高约4.6℃，降水量观测值比1998 年前减少约12.5 mm。（3）五 台山年平均气温与四季气温呈上升趋势，平均每10 年上升0.32℃（年）、0.36℃（春）、0.18℃（夏）、0.31℃（秋）和0.50℃（冬）；年降水量与四季降水量呈现下降趋势，平均每10 年下降-36.8 mm（年）、-7.9 mm（春）、-37.3 mm（夏）、-11.4 mm（秋）和-3.8 mm（冬）。

Homogeneity Analysis of Historical Meteorological Data and Climate Change Tendency at Wutaishan

The paper aims to study the homogeneity of historical meteorological data and climate change tendency at Wutaishan. According to the temperature and precipitation data of Wutaishan Station from 1957 to 2013, homogeneity of historical meteorological data and climate change tendency at Wutaishan was analyzed by using the running T test, one- variate regression method, linear trend analysis and smoothing averages method. The results showed that: the relocation of Wutaishan Station caused significant difference on some meteorological data, but not on the precipitation data from May to October and January. The observed temperature was 4.6℃ higher than that before 1998 and the observed precipitation was 12.5 mm lower than that before 1998, which were caused by the station relocation. The annual average temperature and seasonal temperature were going up, and the rate of temperature rising was 0.32℃/10 a (annual), 0.36℃/10 a (spring), 0.18℃/10 a (summer), 0.31℃/10 a (autumn), 0.50℃/10 a (winter). The annual average precipitation and seasonal precipitation were going down, and the rate of precipitation drop was - 36.8 mm/10 a (annual), -7.9 mm/10 a (spring), -37.3 mm/10 a (summer), -11.4 mm/10 a (autumn) and -3.8 mm/10 a (winter).