福建安溪县茶园杂草群落多样性调查分析

为了有效控制茶园杂草，本研究于2012-2014年调查了福建省安溪县主要产茶区6个茶园的杂草并进行了形态鉴定分类和生活型分析。形态鉴定结果表明，安溪茶园杂草有35科94属共140种，主要为禾本科27种和菊科19种，分别占总种数的19.29%和13.57%。以双子叶类杂草最多，有28科68属103种，分别占总科数、总属数和总种数的80%、72.34%和73.57%。单子叶类杂草有4科23属34种，分别11.43%、24.47%和24.29%。蕨类杂草最少，有3科3属3种，分别占总科数、总属数、总种数的8.57%、3.19%和2.14%。生活型归类分析表明，一年生、二年生和多年生杂草种数占比为66.43%、27.86%和5.71%。总之，调查结果表明，安溪茶园杂草以禾本科、双子叶类型及一年生杂草为主。研究结果为该地茶园杂草的多样性提供了基础数据，为今后茶园杂草的综合管理提供了研究基础。

Analysis of Weeds Species Diversity in Tea Plantations of Anxi, Fujian

In order to control the weed of tea plantations, in this paper, the species diversity of weeds was investigated and analysed in the 6 tea plantations of the Anxi County, Fujian province, China from 2012 to 2014. The results indicated that there were 35 families, 94 genera, and 140 species of weeds in the investigated tea plantations. They were primarily the poaceae weeds with 27 species and asteraceae weeds with 19 species, accounting for 19.29% and 13.57% of total species, respectively. The most was the dicotyledon-weeds with 28 families, 68 genera, and 103 species, accounting for 80% of total families, 72.34% of total genera, and 73.57% of total species, respectively. The second was the monocotyledon-weeds with 4 families, 23 genera, and 34 species, accounting for 11.43% of total families, 24.47% of total genera, and 24.29% of total species, respectively. And the least was the pteridophyta-weeds with 3 families, 3 genera, and 3 species, accounting for 8.57% of total families, 3.19% of total genera, and 2.14% of total species, respectively. The proportions of the annual- or the biennial-, and the perennial-weeds were 66.43%, 27.86%, and 5.71% of total species, respectively. In conclusion, these results showed that the predominant weeds in the tea plantations of the Anxi county was the poaceae-, dicotyledon- and annual- weeds. These findings supplied a basic data of the species diversity of weeds in the tea plantations of the Anxi County, and would be as the cornerstone of integrated weeds management for tea plantations.