农民培训现状与职业农民培育对策

当前我国农业正处于由传统农业向现代农业过渡转型的关键时期,培养大批职业化新型农民是发展现代农业、全面推进社会主义新农村建设的迫切需求。本文对职业农民的特点、内涵和发达国家培育职业农民情况进行了综述;结合调研,对当前典型农民教育培训进行的研究分析表明:参训农民"年龄大、学历低、女性偏多"现象与农村劳动力状况基本一致;各类培训特点突出,效果明显;在分析不同群体农民需求及各类培训效应等基础上,阐述加快职业农民培育的紧迫性、必要性。提出推进政策、法律改革创新;推进农业多功能性发展;加快进行"普及、提升、引领"三个层次职业农民培训教育。

Present Status of Farmer's Training and Cultivation Strategies for Professional Farmers

At present,China is in the critical period of transition from traditional agriculture to modern agriculture,so a large number of professional farmers become the urgent need for developing modern agriculture and promoting the construction of new socialist countryside.In this paper,the characteristics and connotation of professional farmers and the situation of farmer training in developed countries were reviewed.The research on typical educational training for farmers showed that the phenomenon of farmers participating in the training being older,less educated and more female ones was consistent with the rural labor force status;the features of various types of training was prominent and the effect was obvious.Based on analyzing the demands of different groups of farmers and the effects of various types of training,the urgency and necessity were elaborated to accelerate the cultivation of professional farmers.Some proposals were also put forward,such as to push forward the reform and innovation of policies and laws,to promote the multifunctional development of agriculture,to accelerate the vocational education and training for farmers in universal,improving and leading levels.