Distribution with depth of protozoa,bacteria and fungi in soil profiles from three Danish forest sites |
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| Institution: | 1. Biotechnology Research Centre, Malaysian Agricultural Research and Development Institute (MARDI), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;2. Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM), 43400 Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia;1. Department of Physics, Muthayammal College of Arts and Science, Rasipuram 637408, Tamilnadu, India;2. Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem 636011, Tamilnadu, India;3. Department of Physics, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620015, Tamilnadu, India;1. Department of Food Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University of Gdańsk, Al. Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80-416 Gdańsk, Poland;2. University of Gdańsk, Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Wita Stwosza 63, 80-308 Gdańsk, Poland;3. Environmental and Computational Chemistry Group, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zaragocilla Campus, University of Cartagena, Cartagena, Colombia;4. Institute of Medicinal Plants, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming 650200, China;1. Department of Botany, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India;2. Department of Botany, Centre of Advanced Study, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India;3. Agriculture Research Organization (ARO), Volcani Center, Rishon LeTsiyon, Israel;4. Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India |
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| Abstract: | The numbers and biomass of protozoa, bacteria and fungi were measured at various depths (1.5–122.5 cm) in the unsaturated zone of three contrasting pristine Danish forest site profiles: a dry beech (Fagus silvatica) forest on mor, a wet peaty spruce (Picea abies)/birch (Betula pubescens) forest and a dry spruce (P. abies) forest on mor. All sites were situated on a Weichel moraine. Except for a bacterial peak at 42.5 cm in the peat profile, the general tendency was a decrease in biomass with increasing depth for all groups examined. Protozoa decreased more rapidly with increasing depth than the other two groups of organisms examined. An evaluation of the bacterial–protozoan relationship by a simple mathematical model indicated that the subsurface protozoan populations are active and not accidental percolated cysts. The low protozoan numbers found in shallow subsurface sites contrast markedly with the results from contaminated sites where much larger protozoan populations have been reported even at considerable depths. Consequently, the results suggest that protozoa are good indicators of organic pollution in subsurface soils; however, more work involving the comparison of polluted and unpolluted soils is needed to confirm this suggestion. |
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