扎龙国家级自然保护区核心区居民经济现状调查分析与社区发展对策

自然保护区与当地社区居民之间具有长期的相互依存关系,二者协调发展是自然保护区管理的核心内容之一。自然保护区农村社区的社会经济发展对保护区的保护工作具有非常重要的影响,扎龙国家级自然保护区核心区内目前有超过5 000人居住,其经济活动与生物多样性保护任务之间互相影响的机制让人深思。本文以扎龙国家级自然保护区核心区居民为研究对象,实地调查并分析了扎龙国家级自然保护区核心区居民的经济现状,阐明了核心区居民经济现状的客观原因,指出存在的几个问题;（1）收入低,经济来源单一;（2）生活条件差,基础设施落后;（3）核心区居民对自然资源利用方式粗放,对保护目标不利。在此基础上提出了进行生态移民和建立社区共管机制的对策建议。

Economic Status Survey and Development Strategies for Local Communities in Core Zone of Zhalong Nature Reserve

Zhalong National Nature Reserve and surrounding communities have been interdependent for a long period.One of the key goals of nature reserve management is how to enable the two to develop harmoniously.The protection mission is influenced significantly by the socioeconomic development of rural communities in the nature reserve:more than 5000 people live in the core zone of the reserve.Special attention should be paid to the relationships between community economic activities and biodiversity conservation.We studied the income status of local communities in Zhalong Nature Reserve core zone.Local communities felt that conservation conflicts arose for several reasons:(i) Low income,single source of income;(ii) Poor living conditions,backward infrastructure;and(iii) Extensive use of natural resources,detrimental to conservation targets.Based on this analysis,we put forward several recommendations including emigration and establishing community co - management.