大红山铁矿林草植被水土保持效益的研究

以裸地为对照,分别对土壤物理性状及土壤的渗透性,土壤中含水量的动态变化,地表径流及土壤流失量等进行了定点定量观测。研究结果表明,林地与草地能有效改善土壤物理性状、增强土壤渗透性和降低土壤水分含量;能通过提高土壤抗蚀性、改善土壤养分含量来充分发挥水土保持效益。研究结果还表明,林地和草地减少侵蚀效益较好,裸地的土壤流失最严重。与裸地相比,林地和草地对地表径流的控制率达到63%～89%,对土壤流失的控制率达到69%～94%。

Study on water and soil conservation benefits of forest-grass vegetation in Dahongshan Iron Mine

Taking naked land as the control, a permanent site for quantitative observation of soil physical and chemical properties, soil permeability, soil moisture dynamic change, amounts of surface runoff and soil loss were studied in this paper. The results in- dicated that woodlands and grasses were able to improve soil physical characteristics effectively, to increase soil permeability and to reduce soil moisture quickly. Through enhancing soil resistance ability of erosion and soil nutrient content, the soil could derive water and soil conservation benefits thoroughly. It also showed that the benefits of forests and grasses on reducing erosion were well whereas the erosion degree of naked land was the most serious. Compared with naked land, forests and grasses could reduce soil surface runoff 63 % - 89 % and soil loss 69 % - 94 %.