椰子粕、棕榈粕和木薯对猪磷表观消化率的影响

文章旨在评估分别以椰子粕、棕榈粕和木薯为主的日粮对生长猪磷表观消化率的影响。试验将平均体重为(40.2±0.58)kg的24头公猪随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复2头猪。其中1组是日粮以玉米淀粉、蔗糖和明胶为主要原料的无磷日粮,测定了磷的基础内源损失,其他组日粮中含有40%的椰子粕、棕榈粕或木薯。试验共进行21 d,包括3个周期,每个周期分为3 d适应期,4 d样品采集期。结果:化学成分结果显示,椰子粕和棕榈粕的粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维、中性洗涤纤维和酸性洗涤纤维含量大于木薯,而同时椰子粕和棕榈粕总磷含量也高于木薯,但钙含量低于木薯。椰子粕和棕榈粕磷表观消化率较木薯日粮显著提高了228.57%和183.57%(P<0.05),而棕榈粕组钙表观消化率较椰子粕组显著提高了107.07%(P<0.05)。棕榈粕组钙摄入量较椰子粕和木薯组分别显著提高了144.17%和71.09%(P<0.05),棕榈粕组粪排泄量最多(P<0.05),而椰子粕和棕榈粕组粪磷占比最高(P<0.05),棕榈粕组每天粪磷排泄量较木薯组显著提高206.25%(P<0.05)。结论:椰子粕和棕榈粕总磷消化率显著高于木薯,但标准磷表观消化率无显著差异。因此,在低磷原料中用标准磷表示可消化磷较总磷更准确。

Effects of coconut meal,palm meal and cassava on apparent digestibility of phosphorus in pigs

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a diet consisting mainly of coconut meal,palm meal and cassava on the apparent digestibility of phosphorus in growing pigs.24 boars with an average weight of(40.2±0.58)kg were randomly divided into 4 groups with 3 replicates in each group and 2 pigs in each replicate.The basic endogenous loss of phosphorus was measured in one group on a phosphorus-free diet based on corn starch,sucrose and gelatin.The other groups contained 40%coconut meal,palm meal or cassava.The experiment was conducted for 21 days,including 3 cycles,each of which was divided into 3 d adaptation period and 4 d sample collection period.Results:the contents of crude protein,crude fat,crude fiber,neutral washing fiber and acid washing fiber of coconut and palm meal were higher than that of cassava,and the total phosphorus content of coconut and palm meal was higher than that of cassava,but the content of calcium was lower than that of cassava.The apparent digestibility of phosphorus in coconut and palm meal was significantly increased by 228.57%and 183.57%compared with the cassava diet(P<0.05),while the apparent digestibility of calcium in palm meal was significantly increased by 107.07%compared with that in coconut meal(P<0.05).The calcium intake of palm meal group was 144.17%and 71.09%higher than that of coconut meal and cassava group,respectively(P<0.05).The fecal excretion of palm meal group was the highest(P<0.05),while the fecal phosphorus ratio of coconut meal and palm meal group was the highest(P<0.05).The daily fecal phosphorus excretion of palm meal group was 206.25%higher than that of cassava group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The digestibility of total phosphorus of coconut and palm meal was significantly higher than that of cassava,but there was no significant difference in apparent digestibility of standard phosphorus.Therefore,it is more accurate to express digestible phosphorus by standard phosphorus than by total phosphorus in low phosphorus raw materials.