花青素积累与谷子低温胁迫响应的关系

为探究花青素积累与谷子低温胁迫响应的关系,本研究以绿叶和富含花青素的紫叶谷子品种为材料,通过对不同品种幼苗进行低温和常温(对照)处理,观察叶片中色素分布,测定叶片光合作用以及花青素、相对叶绿素、丙二醛(MDA)、脯氨酸(Pro)、可溶性糖(SS)含量。结果表明,低温诱导后紫叶品种叶片花青素主要分布在叶肉细胞和上下表皮细胞,而绿叶品种叶片中几乎无花青素积累。低温诱导后紫叶品种花青素变化明显,绿叶品种无明显变化;与对照相比,低温诱导12 d紫叶品种B13、B45、B55花青素含量分别增加了234%、226%、126%。低温诱导后,紫叶品种叶片的净光合速率(Pn)和相对叶绿素含量均降低,但SS和Pro含量显著升高,MDA含量无规律性变化。相关性分析结果表明,低温诱导12 d紫叶品种叶片花青素含量与相对叶绿素含量、Pn呈极显著负相关,而与Pro含量、SS含量呈极显著正相关,相对叶绿素含量与Pn呈正相关。由此可知,紫色谷子品种叶片花青素的合成可以被低温诱导,且与Pro、SS共同参与植物对低温胁迫的响应。本研究为探索紫叶谷子的抗寒性以及扩大其种植区域提供了理论依据。

Relationship Between Anthocyanin Accumulation and Response to Low Temperature Stress in Foxtail Millet

In order to explore the relationship between anthocyanin accumulation and response to low temperature stress of foxtail millet, green and purple variety which was rich in anthocyanin were treated at low and normal(CK) temperature at seedling stage. We observed the pigments distribution in leaves and measured the photosynthesis, anthocyanin, relative chlorophyll, malondialdehyde(MDA), proline(Pro) and soluble sugar(SS) content. The results showed that under low temperature, anthocyanins were mainly distributed in mesophyll cells, upper and lower epidermis cells in purple leaves, but almost no anthocyanins were detected in green variety. Compared with green variety, anthocyanins content changed obviously in purple leaves. Additionally, the anthocyanin content of purple variety B13, B45 and B55 increased by 234%, 226% and 126%, respectively, after 12 days of low temperature induction compared with the control group. After the induction of low temperature, the net photosynthetic rate(Pn) and the chlorophyll content of purple variety were decreased, while the SS and Pro content was significantly increased, and the MDA content did not show regular changes. The correlation analysis showed that the anthocyanin content of purple variety was significantly negatively correlated with relative chlorophyll content and Pn, but significant positively correlated with Pro and SS content after 12 days of low temperature induction, while the relative chlorophyll content was positively correlated with Pn of purple variety. Thus, the anthocyanin in leaves of purple foxtail millet varieties can be induced by low temperature, and it can participate in response to low temperature stress together with Pro and SS in foxtail millet. The study provides a theoretical basis for exploring the cold resistance of purple leaf of foxtail millet and expanding the planting area.