北方粳稻耐盐碱相关性状主成分分析及综合评价

为建立北方粳稻耐盐碱综合评价指标体系,筛选适宜苏打盐碱地种植的水稻种质资源,本研究采用混合盐碱胁迫处理,测定了50份北方粳稻材料的28项表型指标,以各单项指标耐盐碱系数作为评价水稻耐盐碱性依据,利用相关分析、主成分分析及聚类分析方法综合评价其耐盐碱相关性。结果表明,利用主成分分析将盐碱胁迫下28个单项指标转化为8个相互独立的综合指标,累积贡献率达80.665%。依据参试材料耐盐碱综合评价值进行聚类分析,将50个参试材料划分强耐盐碱型、耐盐碱型、中间型和盐碱敏感型四类。强耐盐碱类型包括松98-131、SR-824-14、长白9号3个材料,D值分别为0.68、0.63、0.61。回归分析和相关分析表明,结实率、产量、生物量、经济系数、根直径、分蘖期叶面积和齐穗期干物重对耐盐碱性影响显著,可作为水稻耐盐碱鉴定的综合指标。本研究结果为水稻耐盐碱育种提供了技术和种质资源支撑。

Principal Component Analysis and Comprehensive Evaluation of Saline-Alkaline Tolerance Related Traits of Northern Japonica Rice

In order to screen rice germplasm resources suitable for planting in soda-saline-alkaline area, we established a comprehensive evaluation system of saline-alkaline tolerance related traits of northern japonica rice was established. In this study, 28 phenotypic indices of 50 northern japonica rice were determined under saline-alkaline stress. Taking saline-alkaline tolerance coefficient of each index as the basis, utilizing correlation analysis, principal component analysis and cluster analysis comprehensively evaluated the saline-alkaline resistance. By using principal component analysis, 28 single indexes could be transformed into eight independent comprehensive indexes, and the cumulative contribution rate was up to 80.665%. According to comprehensive evaluation of saline-alkaline tolerance, 50 rice germplasm resources could be clustered into four groups of strong, resistance, middle and sensitive saline-alkaline types. Among them, strong saline-alkaline tolerant varieties contains Song 98-131, SR-824-14, and Changbai 9. The D values were 0.68, 0.63, and 0.61, respectively. Regressive and correlation analysis demonstrated that seed setting rate, yield, biomass, economic coefficient, root diameter, leaf area, dry matter accumulation had significant effects on saline-alkaline resistance, which could be used as comprehensive evaluation of rice saline-alkaline tolerance. These results provide technical and germplasm resources support for saline-alkali resistant rice breeding.