生物土壤结皮结构、功能及人工恢复技术

生物土壤结皮作为典型的有机地被层,广泛分布在干旱半干旱地区。由于其具有良好的水土保持及土壤稳定等功能,可有效控制土地沙漠化,防治水土流失,因此,生物土壤结皮恢复被看作是荒漠生态系统修复和重建的关键。本文系统综述了国内外学者在生物结皮领域开展的研究工作,包括生物土壤结皮的生物组成、演替过程、生态功能、干扰响应、人工培育及生态恢复。以期深入认识生物土壤结皮的结构和功能及干旱半干旱地区的荒漠化治理提供参考。

The structure,function and artificial restoration technology of biological soil crust

Biological soil crusts,as a typical organic soil surface,are widely distributed in arid and semi-arid lands,they have critical functions in soil and water conservation and soil stabilization,and can effectively control land desertification and prevent soil erosion.Thus,biological crust restoration is regarded as to be the key tool for desert ecosystem restoration and reconstruction.Because of their critical functions in soil and water conservation and soil stabilization,they can effectively control land desertification and prevent soil erosion.This paper reviewed some important research progresses in biological soil crusts,including their biological composition,ecological function,successional processes,disturbance response,artificial cultivation and ecological restoration.The current study review aims to enrich our scientific understandings of biological crusts,advance the research work of biological crusts in China,and provide a certain reference guidance for desertification control of arid and semi-arid land.