塔里木河干流区的水量消耗和潜力分析计算

本文分析了塔里木河干流区的生态环境及耗水状况，提出了节水措施及塔里木河流域合理用水，改善生态环境的途径。

ANALYSES AND CALCULATION FOR WATER CONSUMPTION AND ITS POTENTIALITLES ON MAINSTREAM REGION OF TARIM RIVER

The area of mainstream region of Tarim River is 49.5 thousands km 2.The average water resources are 4.932 billion m 3 during 1956 to 1994.The runoff from 3 source rivers,Aksu River and Hotian River and Yirqan River,are descended continuously in the past 40 years.Ecological environment became badly.The water consumption in different region of mainstream of Tarim River have been changed.The trends are:In upper reaches both of water consumption and its ratio are risen.In middle reaches the water consumption keeping a high ratio about 48%,the descended speed of water consumption is the same with the runoff from source rivers.In lower reaches the water consumption and its ratio are descended quickly than the runoff from 3 source rivers(see Tab.1).The water consumption condition changed unsuitable.6 ways of water consumption in mainstream region of Taim River are divided and calculated,They are agriculture irrgation,river bed evaporation,lake and reservoir evaporation,underground water evaporation,plant evapotranspiration and overflow flood.At last the water consumption potentialities in mainstream region of Tarim River and its methods of utilization are also calculated and. It is considered that changing the water consumption pattern and taping the water resources potentialities are the key for coordinated development of ecological environments and regional economy. \ \