江苏省番茄晚疫病菌小种鉴定及品种抗性筛选

分离纯化72份采自江苏省的番茄晚疫病标样,获得番茄晚疫病菌菌株35株.采用亚洲蔬菜研究与发展中心提供的5个鉴别寄主进行生理小种鉴定,鉴定结果表明:江苏省番茄晚疫病菌的小种类型有T0、T1、T1.2、T1.2.3、T1.3.4,其中T1.2地理分布最广,出现频率最高,占鉴定总数的37.2%;其次为T1,占总数的34.3%;T1.2.3、T1.3.4和T0分别占鉴定总数的17.1%、5.7%和5.7%.采用优势小种T1.2对54份番茄品种或育成品系进行苗期喷雾接种,结果表明:高抗、中抗、高感品种分别占鉴定总数的14.8%、7.4%和77.8%,其中高抗材料均来自野生材料和野生材料杂交转育的后代,而江苏省生产上大部分主栽品种对晚疫病菌均表现为感病.因此,江苏省番茄生产应该高度重视抗病品种的引进和培育.

Identification of Physiological Races of Phytophthora infestans from Tomato in Jiangsu Province and Screening of Resistance Resource of Tomato

Thirty-five isolates were obtained from 72 tomato late blight specimens collected in Jiangsu province and part of neighbor zone.Physiological races of the isolates were identified with five differential tomato cultivars from the World Vegetable Center.T0,T1,T1.2,T1.2.3 and T1.3.4 were identified,with race T1.2 the most widely distributed and predominant one with a frequency of 37.2%.Following T1.2,T1 occurred with frequency of 34.3%.The races T1.2.3,T1.3.4 and T0 were narrowly distributed with frequencies of 17.1%,5.7% and 5.7%,respectively.Artificial spraying inoculation was carried out with predominant race T1.2 on the seedlings of 54 tomato varieties or lines.Highly resistant and moderately resistant cultivars which were derived from wild resources accounted for only 14.8% and 7.4% of the total identified cultivars,while highly susceptible cultivars which were also predominantely planted in Jiangsu province amounted to 77.8%.It is important to introduce resistant resources and breed resistant cultivars for tomato production in Jiangsu province.