树脂膜控释尿素及普通尿素配施对强筋小麦产量、品质和氮肥利用率的影响

为给小麦高产优质栽培中控释尿素的合理应用提供理论依据,以控释期90 d的树脂膜控释尿素为材料,通过田间小区试验,研究了树脂膜控释尿素及普通尿素配施对强筋小麦产量、品质及氮肥利用率的影响.结果表明,与普通尿素(PU)全部底施相比,树脂膜控释尿素及普通尿素配施抑制剂处理均能显著提高小麦产量和氮肥利用率,增幅分别达5.6％～12.6％和32.4％～137.3％.与分次施用普通尿素相比,树脂膜控释尿素及普通尿素配施抑制剂处理使籽粒产量增加1.5％～8.2％；等氮量施用树脂膜控释尿素处理显著提高了籽粒蛋白质含量、沉降值及湿面筋含量；等氮量施用树脂膜控释尿素及普通尿素配施抑制剂处理显著提高了氮肥利用率,增幅达13.9％～42.6％.小麦籽粒产量、品质、土壤无机氮与氮肥利用率皆以树脂膜控释尿素70％+普通尿素30％处理最高,其中产量和氮肥利用率与其他施氮处理差异显著.

Effects of Combined Application of Polymer coated Controlled Release Urea and Common Urea on Yield, Quality and Fertilizer Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Strong Gluten Wheat

Using polymer coated controlled release urea fertilizers (CRU) with releasing period of 90 d as experimental materials, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of CRU on yield, quality and nitrogen use efficiency of wheat, and to improve wheat production and quality and N utilization. Compared with all urea used as base fertilizer (PU100%), CRU and combined application of common urea with inhibitors significantly increased the grain yield by 5.6%~12.6%, and N use efficiency by 32.4%~137.3%. Compared with urea used as base and dressing fertilizer (PU60%+PU40%), CRU and combined application of common urea with inhibitors increased the grain yield by 1.5%~8.2%. Application with CRU at equal N content greatly improved protein content, sedimentation volume and wet gluten content. Application with CRU and common urea with inhibitors significantly at equal N content improved N use efficiency by 13.9%~42.6%. The grain yield and quality and inorganic nitrogen and N use efficiency were the most in the treatment CRU70%+PU30%, which was significantly different with the other treatments. Applying CRU with a mixing ratio of 70% was most beneficial to increase the yield and N use efficiency of strong gluten wheat.