Spread of lungworm (Dictyocaulus viviparus) infection by Pilobolus fungi among stabled calves |
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| Institution: | 1. Unidad de Biología Molecular, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Uruguay;2. Independent Veterinary Professional, Rivera, Uruguay;3. Independent Veterinary Professional, Santana do Livramento, Brazil;4. Departamento de Parasitología, Instituto de Higiene, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay;5. Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República Uruguay, Montevideo, Uruguay;1. Laboratory of Parasite Control, Department of Pathology, Center for Biological and Health Sciences, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil;2. Chemical Engineering Course, Center for Exact Sciences and Technology, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis MA, Brazil;3. Department of Physics, Federal University of Maranhão, São Luis, MA, Brazil;4. Bioscience Institute, São Paulo State University, Botucatu, SP, Brazil;5. Federal Institute of Bahia, IFBA, Irecê, BA, Brazil |
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| Abstract: | Pilobolus kleinii spores isolated from cattle faeces were administered daily by the oral route to two donor calves excreting Dictyocaulus viviparus larvae in their faeces.Faeces were collected at daily intervals from the donor calves, and on each day a pooled sample of 500 g was placed outside a pen containing two parasite-free experimental calves. A wire screen prevented the experimental calves from coming into contact with the artificially deposited faecal portions.Pilobolus kleinii fruit bodies were observed on the faecal surface in large numbers 5–10 days after deposition.Sporangial discharge was observed to be directed against a window which served as the only light source. Sporangia were found up to 110 cm away from the faeces, and it was estimated that at least 29% of them had been transmitted to a feeding trough placed close to the wire screen. Infective D. viviparus larvae were observed on some of the discharged sporangia.The experimental calves started excreting low numbers of D. viviparus larvae in their faeces 40–49 days after the first portions were deposited. These results indicate that P. kleinii was reponsible for the infection of the experimental calves with D. viviparus, through the discharge of sporangia carrying infective lungworm larvae. |
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