陕西冬小麦物候期对气候特征响应研究

通过对陕西关中平原和渭北旱塬两个不同生态区7个站点1992-2011年气象数据和冬小麦生长发育数据分析发现,两地冬小麦返青及返青前各物候期均呈推迟趋势,返青后各物候期呈提前趋势,导致冬小麦整个生育期均缩短。影响关中地区冬小麦物候期变化的主要因素为温度。越冬期与11月和12月平均温度呈正相关;返青期在关中平原与11月和12月平均温度呈正相关,1月份平均温度呈负相关,在渭北旱塬仅与2月份平均温度呈负相关;两地抽穗期与3-4月各月平均温度呈负相关,成熟期与3-5月各月平均温度及生育期平均温度呈负相关。日照时数对冬小麦物候期变化影响较小,主要为3-5月份各月平均日照时数与成熟期呈负相关关系,渭北旱塬生育期总日照时数与成熟期之间也达显著负相关。降水对物候期影响最小,相关关系均不显著。

Response of winter wheat phonological phase to the climate feature in Shaanxi province

In order to understand the winter wheat phenology in response to climate feature in Shaanxi province,we analyzed the meteorological data and winter wheat growth data from 7 meteorological stations on Guanzhong plain and Weibei highland from 1992-2011.It was shown that for both places,the phenophases before returning green all advanced and phenophases after returning green all delayed,which made the whole growth period shortened.Correlation analysis showed that the main factor impacting wheat phenophases in Guanzhong Area was temperature.Over-wintering dates showed a positive relationship with temperature of November and December.Returning green dates showed a positive relationship with temperature of November and December and a negative relationship with temperature of January on Guanzhong plain,and a negative relationship with temperature of February on Weibei highland.Furthermore,for both places,sprouting date showed a negative relationship with temperature of March and April,mature dates showed a negative relationship with temperature from March to May.Compared with temperature,sunshine duration laid less impact on phenophases,a negative relationship was found between mature dates and sunshine duration from March to May.No significant relationship was found between precipitation and phenophases.