额济纳绿洲植被生态需水量空间分布

生态环境需水量是当前水资源管理等学科研究的重点和难点。以额济纳绿洲为例,采用GIS技术进行生态分区的基础上采用阿维里扬诺夫方法估算绿洲植被生态需水。结果表明:现状2009年绿洲植被最低生态需水总量为4.72262×108m3。从地区分布看,东河上段、东河中段、东河下段、西河、两湖区和中戈壁的植被生态需水分别占绿洲植被总需水量的8.8%、2.8%、34.3%、46.3%、6.8%、1.0%。要将植被恢复到20世纪80年代的规模,绿洲植被最低生态需水总量为7.12841×108m3。从地区分布看,东河上段、东河中段、东河下段、西河、两湖区和中戈壁的植被需水占绿洲植被总需水量的12.7%、4.5%、30.6%、39.6%、10.6%、2.0%。在现状流域水量分配方案下,平水年和枯水年都存在不同程度的缺水量。以上研究成果可为目前实施的生态水量调度提供技术支撑和参考。

Spatial distribution of ecological water requirement for vegetations in Ejina Oasis

the ecology water requirement is the emphasis and difficulty for current water resources management.on the base of geographical information system(GIS),the method of Aweliyongrufe was applied to calculate the ecological water requirements of vegetations in Ejina Oasis.The results indicated the minimum ecological water demand was 5.7964×108m3 for vegetation in 2009.In terms of spatial distribution,the minimum ecological water demand for vegetation in upstream of east branch,midstream of east branch,downstream of east branch,west branch,two lakes area and Gobi area were 8.8%,2.8%,34.3%,46.3%,6.8% and 1.0% respectively.The minimum ecological water demand for vegetation was 7.12841×108m3 when keeping scale of vegetation in 1980s.In terms of spatial distribution,the minimum ecological water demand for vegetation in upstream of east branch,midstream of east branch,downstream of east branch,west branch,two lakes area and Gobi area were 12.7%,4.5%,30.6%,39.6%,10.6% and 2.0% respectively.According to current water allocation of Heihe river basin,It has different degrees of deficit on ecological water in dry years and average years.The study is of important significance and applicable for reference in scientifically working out the project of redistributing water resources rationally.