咪唑乙烟酸对谷子生理特性及产量构成的影响

为探究咪唑乙烟酸对抗性及常规谷子品种生理特性及产量构成的影响及其抗性机理,以抗咪唑乙烟酸谷子品种冀谷35和常规谷子品种冀谷38、冀谷41、晋谷21、晋谷59、长农44、龙谷39和中谷9为研究对象,采用盆栽及田间试验比较其苗期生理特性和产量构成对咪唑乙烟酸的响应.盆栽试验结果显示:咪唑乙烟酸按有效成分93.5 g/hm2...

Effects of imazethapyr on the physiological characteristics and yield components of foxtail millet

To explore the effects of imazethapyr on the physiological characteristics and yield components of imazethapyr-resistant and conventional foxtail millet varieties and the resistance mechanism, an imazethapyr-resistant variety Jigu35 and 7 conventional varieties Jigu38, Jigu41, Jingu21, Jingu59, Changnong44, Longgu39, and Zhonggu9 were used to compare the physiological characteristics and yield components in response to imazethapyr by pot and filed experiments. The results of the pot experiment showed that for conventional varieties, the aboveground fresh weight, the contents of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, carotenoid, and total chlorophyll in leaves were significantly decreased after active ingredient 93.5 g (a.i.)/hm2 imazethapyr treatment by 21.60%-72.83%, 45.20%-92.12%, 18.10%-93.36%, 42.58%-84.21%, and 45.73%-92.38%, respectively. The apparent photosynthetic electron transfer rate and maximum photochemical yield of chlorophyll fluorescence parameters decreased by 20.4%-37.0% and 6.9%-24.8%, respectively. The non-photochemical quenching coefficient and the quantum yield of regulatory energy dissipation significantly increased by 101.0%-322.1% and 113.7%-319.7%, respectively, while the imazethapyr-resistant variety Jigu35 were not changed significantly. The catalase (CAT) activity of Jigu35 was significantly increased by 52.48%, while it was decreased by 19.70%-56.58% for conventional foxtail millet varieties. The contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) of conventional varieties were significantly increased by 16.70%-68.80%, but had no significant effect on resistant variety Jigu35. The acetolactate synthase (ALS) activity of the resistant variety Jigu35 was slightly changed after the treatment of imazethapyr. The ALS activity of the conventional variety Jigu38, it was significantly decreased from the 13th day of treatment compared with the control. The field experiment showed that spraying imazethapyr at the seedling stage significantly reduced the ear length, ear diameter, ear weight, ear grain weight, and theoretical yield of conventional varieties. Different from conventional varieties, the ear weight, ear grain weight, and theoretical yield of resistant variety Jigu35 were significantly increased by 7.8%-8.6%. This indicated that the Jigu35 has a strong resistance to imazethapyr by maintaining the stability of ALS activity, increasing CAT activity, enhancing the removal of H₂O₂, and reducing the membrane lipid peroxidation.