植保无人飞机施药防治烟草棉铃虫的可行性和添加助剂倍达通的作用

为明确采用植保无人飞机施药方式防治烟草病虫害的可行性，对比分析了采用多旋翼植保无人飞机与背负式电动喷雾器喷施5%甲氨基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐水分散粒剂(WG)防治烟草棉铃虫Helicoverpa armigera的田间效果和添加助剂倍达通对多旋翼植保无人飞机喷施药剂对棉铃虫的田间防治效果的影响。结果表明:采用植保无人飞机喷施5%甲基阿维菌素苯甲酸盐WG对棉铃虫的防治效果随着施药后时间的延长逐渐增加。施药后7 d，制剂用量为60、75和90 g/hm2的防治效果分别为71.31%、64.00%和93.93%。在制剂用量为75 g/hm2下，添加10 mL/L的助剂倍达通可使植保无人飞机作业对棉铃虫的防效从64.00%提高到92.59%，背负式电动喷雾器施药后7 d的防效为94.30%。研究结果表明，在相同施药剂量(75 g/hm2)下，采用背负式喷雾器喷施药剂对棉铃虫的防治效果好于采用多旋翼植保无人飞机。然而，通过添加10 mL/L的助剂倍达通或提高20%用药量，采用植保无人飞机施药可达到与采用背负式喷雾器施药相同的防治效果。该研究结果可为进一步提升植保无人飞机防治烟草病虫害的施药技术和加快植保无人飞机在烟草植保中的推广应用提供支撑和参考。

Feasibility of the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle for controlling tobacco bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) and the effect of adjuvant Beidatong

In order to evaluate the feasibility of the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) for tobacco protection against diseases and insects, the field control efficacy of 5% emamectin benzoate water-dispersible granules (WG) spraying by multi-rotor UAV and knapsack electric sprayer against tobacco bollworm (Helicoverpa armigera) were compared and the effect of adjuvant Beidatong on control efficacy was analyzed. The results showed that the control efficacy of 5% abamectin benzoate WG applied by UAV against H. armigera was gradually increased from 1 day to 7 days after application. Seven days after application, the control efficacies were 71.31%, 64.00%, and 93.93% at dosages 60, 75, and 90 g/hm2, respectively. However, the control efficacy of 5% abamectin benzoate WG applied by UAV could be improved from 64.00% to 92.59% at a dosage of 75 g/hm2 by the addition of 10 mL/L spray adjuvant. The control efficacy of application by knapsack electric sprayer was 94.30% at a dosage of 75 g/hm2. These results indicated that the knapsack electric sprayer has better control efficacy on H. armigera than the multi-rotor plant protection UAV at the same application dosage (75 g/hm2). UAV spraying could achieve a similar efficacy as the knapsack sprayer by the addition of 10 mL/L adjuvant Beidatong or a 20% dosage increase. The research results provide support and reference for further improving the application technology of UAVs to control tobacco pests and speeding up the promoted application of UAVs in tobacco plant protection.