Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin HCl‐2H2O (ENRO‐C), PK/PD,and Monte Carlo modeling vs. Leptospira spp. in cows |
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Authors: | Jesús Mendoza Lilia Gutierrez Jos Gutirrez Felipe A Bustos Hector Sumano |
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Institution: | Jesús Mendoza,Lilia Gutierrez,José Á. Gutiérrez,Felipe A. Bustos,Hector Sumano |
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Abstract: | The pharmacokinetics, PK/PD ratios, and Monte Carlo modeling of enrofloxacin HCl‐2H2O (Enro‐C) and its reference preparation (Enro‐R) were determined in cows. Fifty‐four Jersey cows were randomly assigned to six groups receiving a single IM dose of 10, 15, or 20 mg/kg of Enro‐C (Enro‐C10, Enro‐C15, Enro‐C20) or Enro‐R. Serial serum samples were collected and enrofloxacin concentrations quantified. A composite set of minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of Leptospira spp. was utilized to calculate PK/PD ratios: maximum serum concentration/MIC (Cmax/MIC90) and area under the serum vs. time concentration of enrofloxacin/MIC (AUC0‐24/MIC90). Monte Carlo simulations targeted Cmax/MIC = 10 and AUC0‐24/MIC = 125. Mean Cmax obtained were 6.17 and 2.46 μg/ml; 8.75 and 3.54 μg/ml; and 13.89 and 4.25 μg/ml, respectively for Enro‐C and Enro‐R. Cmax/MIC90 ratios were 6.17 and 2.46, 8.75 and 3.54, and 13.89 and 4.25 for Enro‐C and Enro‐R, respectively. Monte Carlo simulations based on Cmax/MIC90 = 10 indicate that only Enro‐C15 and Enro‐C20 may be useful to treat leptospirosis in cows, predicting a success rate ≥95% when MIC50 = 0.5 μg/ml, and ≥80% when MIC90 = 1.0 μg/ml. Although Enro‐C15 and Enro‐C20 may be useful to treat leptospirosis in cattle, clinical trials are necessary to confirm this proposal. |
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Keywords: | cows Enro‐C enrofloxacin Leptospira spp pharmacokinetics PK/PD |
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