幕阜山土壤的粘粒矿物与土壤形成

采样分析了幕阜山不同海拔高度土壤的基本性状和粘土矿物组合,结果表明:①土壤粘粒中均含有高岭石、1.4nm矿物和水云母等粘土矿物,但海拔800 m以下的土壤中以高岭石为主,800 m以上的土壤中则以2:1型矿物为主。②粘粒化学组成中,随着海拔升高,SiO_2含量降低,Al_2O_2含量相对升高,粘粒的硅铝率下降,这与土壤形成过程中雨量增多,淋溶作用增强有关。③随着海拔升高,土壤质地变轻,pH值升高,盐基饱和度及粉粒/粘粒比增加,都反映了土壤的形成作用减弱。

THE CLAY MINERAL ASSOCIATION AND SOIL DEVELOPMENT OF MUFU MOUNTAIN VERTICAL SOIL

The clay mineral association and basic properties of Mufu moutain soil were studied and the main results are described as follows: 1) The clay mineral association of Mufu moutain soil varies with altitude. For soils in lower altitude, the content of 1:1 type clay mineral is abundant, whereas the majority is 2:1 type clay minerals such as hydromicas and 1.4 nm minerals in higher altitude. These indicate that the weathering of soil mineral attenuates with increasing altitude. 2) With the increment of altitude, the content of SiO_2 decreased but that of Al_2O_3 comparatively increases in clay composition, causing the ratio of SiO_2/Al_2O_3 to decrease. These are associated with the soil forming condition. 3) Altitude is correlated negatively with the content of clay particle but positively with soil pH and base saturation, suggesting that the soil formation in higher altitude is slower than that in lower altitude.