香荚兰病害研究综述

 综述了香荚兰病害研究的历史和现状病害的危害性、病害种类;并着重介绍了香荚兰根腐萎蔫病的研究概况,包括病害症状、病原菌、病害发生和流行的一般规律,香荚兰种间对根腐病抗性的差异,以及香荚兰根腐萎蔫病的防治经验.作者提出将传统的和现代化的方法结合起来进行抗病品种的选育工作,对于生物防治和着眼于增强香荚兰抗病性的各种农业技术措施也必须综合应用,可以早出成果.

Review on Vanilla Diseases Researches

This paper presents a general aspects of the Vanilla diseases researches both in China and foreign countries,notwithstanding the imformatoin we obtained are inadequate.During 1960～1975 Vanilla (V.planifolia Andr.) the valueable tropical spice plant was introduced to Hainan and xishunbanna for cultural trial and resulted successfully.However,following the expansion of Vanilla plantation,the disease problem has been prominent among which the root-rot and wilt anthracnoseand bacterial soft rot are dorminent,but the root-rot and wilt is a most destructive one that threngtened the development of Chinas'vanilla industry.The Vanilla diseases hitherto known in China are over 22 species exceeded the swm of international records.The causal organism of root-rot and wilt had attributed to an independent pathogen Fusarium oxysporum Schl f.sp.vanillae Gordon.Based on R.Cornero (1969) The F.solani and Rhizoctonia solani also played an important role in associated infectiovn process.how is the fact in Xishunbanna requires further study.The disease incidence and epidermics influenced by meteorological factors,cultural factors as well as plantation management also reviewed.Experienees of disease control on root-rot and wilt and diseases of mino-importance are summarized to meet the need of practical vanilla production.International imformation and agricultural practices confirmed that vanilla is varied in susceptibility to root-rot and wilt and some species are highly resistant.hence a few disease resistant cutivars have bred and delivered to production.The writers proposed a way in solving theVanilla root-rot and wilt problem is the selection and breeding disease resistant varieties.and the breeding stratyge should focus on the combination by conventional measures and modern mollecular or cellular biotechniqes.However the varietal resistance isn't an all cure,the biological control and proper cultural measures that could strengthen the host resistanee are nesasary to incorporate into an integrated control.