Utilization of lignocellulosic plant residues for compost formation and its role in improving soil fertility

Globally, urbanization and a steady increase in population generate a huge amount of wastes, which leads to a series of economic, social, and environmental changes, mainly in developing countries. There is an utmost need for efficient management strategies for the beneficial utilization of these wastes into useful products. Among these strategies, composting is gaining attention due to its benefits of solid waste management, such as proper sterilization, and economical and effective bioconversion of lignocellulosic wastes to valuable products. Composting is an effective and sustainable approach for the management of various lignocellulosic wastes. This process comprises a series of effective waste treatment steps to ensure sustainable agriculture. Different composting methods have been explored for solid waste management. Furthermore, the influence of various factors relevant to composting has been elucidated. Microbes play a significant role in enhancing the degradation of lignocellulosic residues by secreting different hydrolytic enzymes. Compost has been utilized for increasing soil properties and improving plant growth.