澳大利亚农业氮肥施用概况及对我国氮肥施用的启示

澳大利亚是全球优质农牧业产品的重要出口大国,其农业绿色发展水平与出口农牧产品品质均享誉世界,而其化肥尤其是氮肥用量却明显低于我国。近年来,虽然我国在科学施用氮肥的技术方面取得了一定的进步,但与发达国家相比仍有明显不足。本文系统分析了澳大利亚在降低氮肥施用量、优化氮肥施用方式和提高氮肥利用率等方面的技术、政策和管理等典型做法,以期为我国氮肥施用管理和技术创新等方面提供经验参考和政策借鉴。

Agricultural Nitrogen Fertilizer Application in Australia and Its Enlightments to Nitrogen Fertilizer Application in China

Australia is an important exporter of high-quality agricultural and animal husbandry products in the world.Its agricultural green development level and the quality of exported agricultural and animal husbandry products are world-renowned,but its nitrogen fertilizer consumption is significantly lower than that in China.In recent years,China has made some progress in the scientific application of nitrogen fertilizer technology,however,it is still insufficient when compared with the developed countries.Therefore,this paper systematically analyzed the practices and successful experience of Australia in technologies,policies and management of reducing nitrogen fertilizer use,optimizing nitrogen fertilizer application methods and improving nitrogen fertilizer efficiency,with the aim to provide references for optimizing the management of nitrogen fertilizer application and enhancing technological innovation in this regard.