闽东北外海鹰爪虾数量的时空分布及其生物学特性

根据2008年5月、8月、11月和2009年2月在闽东北外海海域(26°00’～28°00’N、120°00’～125°30’E)开展的虾类资源调查资料,研究分析了该海域鹰爪虾(Trachypenaeus curvirostris)数量的时空分布及生物学特性。结果表明:闽东北外海鹰爪虾群体数量分布随着季节、海域的不同差异很大。8月群体数量最多,其渔获量占周年渔获量的60.2%,平均密度指数为614.5 g/h和144.7 ind/h;5月群体数量极少。鹰爪虾群体主要分布于近海,水深60 m以内海域的渔获量占周年渔获量65.8%,平均密度指数达1119.2 g/h和214.7 ind/h;水深大于80 m的海域群体数量很少。鹰爪虾体长分布范围为47～120 mm,优势体长组60～85 mm,占68.6%,平均体长为74.1 mm,雌虾与雄虾个体大小差异悬殊,雌虾平均体重为6.4 g,雄虾平均体重仅为3.2 g;雌雄性比差异也很大,为1:0.42;雌性性腺成熟度以Ⅱ期和Ⅲ期为主,分别占44.7%和43.8%;摄食强度中等,以1级为主,占50.9%;调查海区年平均资源量684 t。

The quantitative distribution and biological characteristics of Trachypenaeus curvirostris in the northeast Fujian outer-sea

According to the shrimp survey data of four seasonal months in the northeast Fujian outer-sea（26°00′~28°00′N,120°00′~125°30′E） in May,August,November of 2008 and February of 2009,this paper studied and analyzed the quantitative distribution and biological characteristics of Trachypenaeus curvirostris.The results showed that the quantitative distribution was obvious different in the seasons and the waters.The population in August was the most and the ratio of catch in total crabs catch was 60.2%,the average density of resource was 614.5 g/h and 144.7 ind/h,while May was the less.The area of high biomass density occurs in the waters at depth of 60 m,the ratio of its catch in total crabs catch was 65.8%,and the average density of resource were 1119.2 g/h and 214.7 ind/h;the body length varied between 47 and 120 mm,the dominant were between 60 and 85 mm,occupying 68.6%;the female was obvious larger than the male with the sex ratio 1∶ 0.42,the average body weight was 6.4 g and 3.2 g respectively;the mature degree of the female was dominated by Ⅱ and Ⅲ stage,accounting for 44.7% and 43.8%;the feeding intensity was middling;the average resources capacity was 684 t.