Improving wheat stripe rust resistance in Central Asia and the Caucasus |
| |
Authors: | Z M Ziyaev R C Sharma K Nazari A I Morgounov A A Amanov Z F Ziyadullaev Z I Khalikulov S M Alikulov |
| |
Institution: | (1) Uzbek Research Institute of Plant Industry, Kibray, Tashkent, Uzbekistan;(2) ICARDA-Central Asia and the Caucasus Regional Program, 4564, Tashkent, Uzbekistan;(3) Biodiversity and Integrated Gene Management Program, ICARDA, 5466, Aleppo, Syria;(4) CIMMYT, International Winter Wheat Improvement Program, P.K. 39 Emek, 06511 Ankara, Turkey;(5) Kashkadarya Scientific Research Institute of Cereal Breeding and Seed Production, Karshi, Uzbekistan; |
| |
Abstract: | Wheat is the most important cereal in Central Asia (Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan) and the
Caucasus (Armenia, Azerbaijan and Georgia). Stripe rust, caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici is considered the most important disease of wheat in Central Asia and the Caucasus (CAC). Although stripe rust has been present
in the region for a long time, it has become a serious constraint to wheat production in the past 10 years. This is reflected
by the occurrence of five epidemics of stripe rust in the CAC region since 1999, the most recent in 2010. Several wheat varieties
occupying substantial areas are either susceptible to stripe rust or possess a low level of resistance. Information on the
stripe rust pathogen in terms of prevalent races and epidemiology is not readily available. Furthermore, there is an insufficient
understanding of effective stripe rust resistance genes in the region, and little is known about the resistance genes present
in the commercial varieties and advanced breeding lines. The deployment of resistant varieties is further complicated by putative
changes in virulence in the pathogen population in different parts of the CAC. Twenty four out of 49 improved wheat lines
received through international nurseries or other exchange programs showed high levels of resistance to stripe rust to local
pathogen populations in 2009. Fifteen of the 24 stripe rust resistant lines also possessed resistance to powdery mildew. It
is anticipated that this germplasm will play an important role in developing stripe rust resistant wheat varieties either
through direct adoption or using them as parents in breeding programs. |
| |
Keywords: | |
本文献已被 SpringerLink 等数据库收录! |
|