水牛的血结

对水牛的血结（ｈｅｍａｌｎｏｄｅ）进行了解剖学和组织学（包括光镜、扫描电镜、透射电镜及组织化学）研究。血结为暗红色小体，圆形或椭圆形，公母及大小水牛均有，直径约５～１２ｍｍ，分散存在，有小血管与之相连。主要分布于胸、腹腔大动脉附近，纵隔及肠系膜根部，数目不等，多者可达百余个。血结的组织结构与淋巴结相似，由被膜、血窦和淋巴组织构成，其特点是窦腔及淋巴组织内有大量血细胞，未见到输入淋巴管。说明血结是位于血液循环通路上正常的淋巴器官。作者通过观察，认为血结至少有滤血、吞噬红细胞以及参与免疫反应等功能，尤其对血结的免疫功能进行了讨论，提供了有用的免疫形态学依据。血结的功能类似脾脏，其在免疫学的地位应引起人们充分的注意。

The Hemal Node in Swamp Buffalo

The anatomy and histology of hemal nodes in swamp buffalo have been studied by ways of photomicroscope, scanning, transmission electronic microscope and histochemistry.Buffaloes, male, female, young and old,all have hemal nodes. The nodes are dark red body,round or ellipse and 5 to 12 mm in diameter.They are connected by small blood vesseles.The hemal nodes are only scattered near breast and abdominal main artaries,the mediastinum and the root of mesentery.The number of the nodes may be more than one hundred. The histological structure of the node is like lymph node. It is composed by capsule,blood sinus and lymphatic tissue.its characteristic is that there are great amount red cells within sinusal cavity and lymphatic tissue and seldom afferent lymph vessel. All these prove that the hemal node in buffalo is ordinary lymph organ located in blood circulation pathway.It was found in this study that hemal node has the functions of filtering blood,destroying and phagocytosing red cell and immunological response, these may be the functions as in spleen.The study of the immunological role has presented some evidences on the immunological morphology in buffalo's hemal node and this role shall be paid attention to it.